Egenskaper

Egenskaper kopplade till KRAS

KRas proto-oncogene, GTPase

Human Phenotype Ontology kopplar 386 egenskaper till KRAS, sorterade efter kroppssystem: drag som ses hos personer med ett av genens sällsynta tillstånd.

Abnormality of head or neck

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Benign eye tumor	Alltid
Broad neck	Alltid
Bulbous nose	Alltid
Coarse facial features	Alltid
Full lower lip	Alltid
Long philtrum	Alltid
Short nose	Alltid
Skin tag in front of the ear	Alltid
Sparse eyebrow	Alltid
Abnormal conjunctiva morphology	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormal eyelashes	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Absent eyebrow	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Adenoma sebaceum	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Broad opening between the eyelids	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Corners of eye widely separated	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Cystic hygroma	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Decreased width of the skull	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Depressed nasal bridge	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Flattened bony protrusion above eyes	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Frontal bossing	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Full cheeks	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
High forehead	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
High palate	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Little lower jaw	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Long face	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Midface retrusion	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Nasal tip, upturned	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Prominent back of the head	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Relatively large head	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Short neck	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Sparse or absent eyebrows	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Thickened skin folds of neck	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Triangular face	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Webbed neck	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormal nasolacrimal system morphology	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the eyelid	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the face	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the skull	Ofta (30–79 %)
Asymmetry of the posterior head	Ofta (30–79 %)
Big calvaria	Ofta (30–79 %)
Cheekbone underdevelopment	Ofta (30–79 %)
Deep philtrum	Ofta (30–79 %)
Enlargement of craniofacial bones	Ofta (30–79 %)
Eye folds	Ofta (30–79 %)
Facial asymmetry	Ofta (30–79 %)
Full lips	Ofta (30–79 %)
Giant cell granuloma of mandible	Ofta (30–79 %)
Left unilambdoid synostosis	Ofta (30–79 %)
Long, narrow head	Ofta (30–79 %)
Low hairline at back of neck	Ofta (30–79 %)
Narrow forehead	Ofta (30–79 %)
Narrow opening between the eyelids	Ofta (30–79 %)
Palpebral thickening	Ofta (30–79 %)
Prominent forehead	Ofta (30–79 %)
Short opening between the eyelids	Ofta (30–79 %)
Sparse or absent eyelashes	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormal facial shape	Ibland (5–29 %)
Cancer of salivary gland	Ibland (5–29 %)
Cleft eyelid	Ibland (5–29 %)
Dandy-Walker malformation	Ibland (5–29 %)
Early closure of midline skull joint	Ibland (5–29 %)
Parietal bossing	Ibland (5–29 %)
Submucous cleft hard palate	Ibland (5–29 %)
Wide nasal bridge	Ibland (5–29 %)
Abnormal dentition	Inte registrerat
Abnormality of dental color	Inte registrerat
Abnormality of dental shape	Inte registrerat
Abnormality of head shape	Inte registrerat
Absent eyelashes	Inte registrerat
Bad bite	Inte registrerat
Broad forehead	Inte registrerat
Decreased size of nasal bridge	Inte registrerat
Open bite	Inte registrerat
Open mouth	Inte registrerat
Scaphocephaly	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of the nervous system

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Decrease in size of the outer layer of the brain due to loss of brain cells	Alltid
Degeneration of cerebrum	Alltid
Global developmental delay	Alltid
Intellectual disability	Alltid
Intellectual disability, severe	Alltid
Severe global developmental delay	Alltid
Abnormal shape of nervous system	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormal speech pattern	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Absent septum pellucidum	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Absent/small cerebellum	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Agenesis of corpus callosum	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Difficulty articulating speech	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Diminished deep tendon reflex	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
EEG abnormality	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Epilepsy	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Glioblastoma multiforme	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Increased reflexes	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Neurodevelopmental abnormality	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Ventriculomegaly	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Anxiety	Ofta (30–79 %)
Attention deficit	Ofta (30–79 %)
Autism	Ofta (30–79 %)
Behavioral abnormality	Ofta (30–79 %)
Cavity within brain	Ofta (30–79 %)
Chiari type I malformation	Ofta (30–79 %)
Depression	Ofta (30–79 %)
Difficulty finding words	Ofta (30–79 %)
Echoing another person's speech	Ofta (30–79 %)
Inability to speak	Ofta (30–79 %)
Irritability	Ofta (30–79 %)
Migraine	Ofta (30–79 %)
Motor delay	Ofta (30–79 %)
Neurodevelopmental delay	Ofta (30–79 %)
Rise in pressure inside skull	Ofta (30–79 %)
Subcortical cerebral atrophy	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormal gait	Ibland (5–29 %)
Abnormal pyramidal sign	Ibland (5–29 %)
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum	Ibland (5–29 %)
Benign neoplasm of the central nervous system	Ibland (5–29 %)
Cancer of early nerve cells	Ibland (5–29 %)
Disorder of involuntary muscle movements	Ibland (5–29 %)
Disturbed sensory perception	Ibland (5–29 %)
Dysgraphia	Ibland (5–29 %)
Fluid-filled sac located in membrane surrounding brain or spinal cord	Ibland (5–29 %)
Hallucinations	Ibland (5–29 %)
Loss of developmental milestones	Ibland (5–29 %)
Memory impairment	Ibland (5–29 %)
Paralysis	Ibland (5–29 %)
Paralysis of all four limbs	Ibland (5–29 %)
Paralysis on one side of body	Ibland (5–29 %)
Paralysis or weakness of one side of body	Ibland (5–29 %)
Peripheral axonal neuropathy	Ibland (5–29 %)
Pins and needles feeling	Ibland (5–29 %)
Specific learning disability	Ibland (5–29 %)
Too much cerebrospinal fluid in the brain	Ibland (5–29 %)
Weakness of one side of body	Ibland (5–29 %)
Hemimegalencephaly	Inte registrerat
More active than typical	Inte registrerat
Tongue thrusting	Inte registrerat
Underdeveloped frontal lobe	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of the integument

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Absence of part of skin at birth	Alltid
Few cafe-au-lait spots	Alltid
Hyperpigmented streaks	Alltid
Absent/small skin	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Beauty mark	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Brittle hair	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Dry skin	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Excessive sweating	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Excessive wrinkled skin	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Fine hair	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Firm lump under the skin	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Generalized hyperpigmentation	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Hair loss	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Skin cancer	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Yellow bumps of fatty deposits on skin	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormal fingerprints	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormal hair quantity	Ofta (30–79 %)
Chicken skin	Ofta (30–79 %)
Coarse hair	Ofta (30–79 %)
Curly hair	Ofta (30–79 %)
Hyperelastic skin	Ofta (30–79 %)
Hyperkeratosis	Ofta (30–79 %)
Ichthyosis	Ofta (30–79 %)
Irregular hyperpigmentation	Ofta (30–79 %)
Liver spots	Ofta (30–79 %)
Multiple birthmarks	Ofta (30–79 %)
Patchy darkened skin	Ofta (30–79 %)
Poor fingernail formation	Ofta (30–79 %)
port-wine stain	Ofta (30–79 %)
Slow-growing hair	Ofta (30–79 %)
Sparse hair	Ofta (30–79 %)
Basal cell carcinoma	Ibland (5–29 %)
Loose redundant skin	Ibland (5–29 %)
Numerous moles	Ibland (5–29 %)
Epidermal nevus	Inte registrerat
Linear nevus sebaceous	Inte registrerat
Mole	Inte registrerat
Nevus sebaceous	Inte registrerat
Patchy lightened skin	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of the cardiovascular system

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Increased spleen size	Alltid
Abnormal cardiovascular system morphology	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormal EKG	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormal heart valve morphology	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
An opening in the wall separating the top two chambers of the heart	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Collection of dilated blood vessels that forms mass	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Narrowing of lung artery	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Narrowing of pulmonic valve	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormal heart rate	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormal pulmonary valve morphology	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the cardiovascular system	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the lymphatic system	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the spleen	Ofta (30–79 %)
Disease of the heart muscle	Ofta (30–79 %)
Enlarged and thickened heart muscle	Ofta (30–79 %)
Increased blood pressure in blood vessels of lungs	Ofta (30–79 %)
Mitral valve prolapse	Ofta (30–79 %)
Patent foramen ovale	Ofta (30–79 %)
Strawberry birthmark	Ofta (30–79 %)
Swollen lymph nodes	Ofta (30–79 %)
Tricuspid valve prolapse	Ofta (30–79 %)
Visceral angiomatosis	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormal aortic morphology	Ibland (5–29 %)
Cardiac diverticulum	Ibland (5–29 %)
Enlarged liver and spleen	Ibland (5–29 %)
Hole in heart wall separating two lower heart chambers	Ibland (5–29 %)
Interrupted aortic arch	Ibland (5–29 %)
Narrowing of aorta	Ibland (5–29 %)
Narrowing of aortic valve	Ibland (5–29 %)
Patent ductus arteriosus	Sällan (1–4%)
Cerebral arteriovenous malformation	Inte registrerat
Mini stroke	Inte registrerat
Strawberry mark	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of the digestive system

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Feeding difficulties	Alltid
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Alltid
Abdominal pain	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Absent/small abdominal wall muscles	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Anorexia	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Constipation	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Feeding difficulties in infancy	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Inability to properly digest food due to lack of pancreatic digestive enzymes	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Malabsorption	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Poor appetite	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Colon cancer	Ofta (30–79 %)
Enlarged colon lacking nerve cells	Ofta (30–79 %)
Enlarged liver	Ofta (30–79 %)
Extrahepatic cholestasis	Ofta (30–79 %)
Functional intestinal obstruction	Ofta (30–79 %)
Gastrostomy tube feeding in infancy	Ofta (30–79 %)
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction	Ofta (30–79 %)
Jaundice	Ofta (30–79 %)
Nausea and vomiting	Ofta (30–79 %)
Rectal tumor	Ofta (30–79 %)
Stomach tumor	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract	Ibland (5–29 %)
Cancer of the pancreas	Ibland (5–29 %)
Functional abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract	Ibland (5–29 %)
Growths in inner lining of intestine	Ibland (5–29 %)
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Ibland (5–29 %)
Intermittent diarrhea	Ibland (5–29 %)
Liver cancer	Ibland (5–29 %)
Peritoneal abscess	Ibland (5–29 %)
Acid reflux	Inte registrerat
Bladder exstrophy	Inte registrerat
Stomach cancer	Inte registrerat
Vomiting	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Funnel chest	Alltid
Wide rib cage	Alltid
Back pain	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Double-Jointed	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Inability to make and keep healthy fat tissue	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Low muscle tone	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Multiple fatty lumps	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Muscle weakness	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Pigeon chest	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Shield chest	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Vertebral segmentation defect	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormal deposits of calcium in the brain	Ofta (30–79 %)
Bone cyst	Ofta (30–79 %)
Breakdown of bone	Ofta (30–79 %)
Delayed bone maturation	Ofta (30–79 %)
Generalized decreased muscle tone	Ofta (30–79 %)
Involuntary muscle stiffness, contraction, or spasm	Ofta (30–79 %)
Muscle stiffness	Ofta (30–79 %)
Rigidity	Ofta (30–79 %)
Scoliosis	Ofta (30–79 %)
Skeletal tumor	Ofta (30–79 %)
Spasticity and rigidity of muscles	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormal shape of cartilage	Ibland (5–29 %)
Abnormal skeletal development	Ibland (5–29 %)
Dysostosis multiplex	Ibland (5–29 %)
Flexed joint that cannot be straightened	Ibland (5–29 %)
Osteochondrosis	Ibland (5–29 %)
Osteopenia	Ibland (5–29 %)
Hypophosphatemic rickets	Inte registrerat
Kyphoscoliosis	Inte registrerat
Recurrent fractures	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of the eye

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Blue eyes	Alltid
Bulging eye	Alltid
Farsightedness	Alltid
Wide-set eyes	Alltid
Abnormality of the eye	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormality of vision	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormally small eyeball	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Cat eye	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Drooping upper eyelid	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Noninflammatory retina disease	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Chorioretinal atrophy	Ofta (30–79 %)
Close sighted	Ofta (30–79 %)
Corneal opacity	Ofta (30–79 %)
Cross-eyed	Ofta (30–79 %)
Involuntary, rapid, rhythmic eye movements	Ofta (30–79 %)
Amaurosis fugax	Ibland (5–29 %)
Astigmatism	Ibland (5–29 %)
Cerebral visual impairment	Ibland (5–29 %)
Eye muscle paralysis	Ibland (5–29 %)
Opacification of the corneal stroma	Ibland (5–29 %)
Optic atrophy	Ibland (5–29 %)
Partial loss of field of vision	Ibland (5–29 %)
Visual impairment	Ibland (5–29 %)
Anisometropia	Inte registrerat
Cornea of eye less than 10mm in diameter	Inte registrerat
Notched pupil	Inte registrerat
Oculomotor apraxia	Inte registrerat
Optic nerve dysplasia	Inte registrerat
Progressive loss of vision	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of the genitourinary system

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Abnormality of the reproductive system	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the ureter	Ofta (30–79 %)
Undescended testes	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the bladder	Ibland (5–29 %)
Abnormality of the penis	Ibland (5–29 %)
Dilatation of the renal pelvis	Ibland (5–29 %)
Endometrial carcinoma	Ibland (5–29 %)
Epispadias	Ibland (5–29 %)
Hydronephrosis	Ibland (5–29 %)
Hypospadias	Ibland (5–29 %)
Kidney cancer	Ibland (5–29 %)
Malignant genitourinary tract tumor	Ibland (5–29 %)
Ovarian cancer	Ibland (5–29 %)
Ovarian carcinoma	Ibland (5–29 %)
Urinary tract neoplasm	Ibland (5–29 %)
Bladder neoplasm	Inte registrerat
Horseshoe kidney	Inte registrerat
Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of limbs

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Curvature of little finger	Alltid
Back knee	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Thickening of palms and soles	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormal morphology of ulna	Ofta (30–79 %)
Deep palm line	Ofta (30–79 %)
Outward turned elbows	Ofta (30–79 %)
Short fingers or toes	Ofta (30–79 %)
Short palm	Ofta (30–79 %)
Fused forearm bones	Ibland (5–29 %)
Knock knees	Ibland (5–29 %)
Abnormalities of the fingers	Inte registrerat
Abnormalities of the toes	Inte registrerat
Asymmetric overgrowth	Inte registrerat
Finger joint hyperextensibility	Inte registrerat
Left and right leg differ in length or width	Inte registrerat
Multiple plantar creases	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of the ear

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Thickened helices	Alltid
Ears rotated toward back of head	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Low-set ears	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormality of the ear	Ofta (30–79 %)
Hearing impairment	Ofta (30–79 %)
Large earlobe	Ofta (30–79 %)
Large ears	Ofta (30–79 %)
Aplasia of the semicircular canal	Ibland (5–29 %)
Sensorineural hearing impairment	Ibland (5–29 %)
Earlobe crease	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Gastrointestinal bleeding	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Abnormal platelet function	Ofta (30–79 %)
Abnormality of coagulation	Ofta (30–79 %)
Bleeding tendency	Ofta (30–79 %)
Blood tumor	Ibland (5–29 %)
Bruising susceptibility	Ibland (5–29 %)
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia	Ibland (5–29 %)
Acute myeloid leukemia	Inte registrerat

Growth abnormality

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Faltering weight	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Faltering weight in infancy	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Short stature	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Uneven or disproportionate growth of one body part compared to another	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Weight loss	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Growth delay	Ofta (30–79 %)
Growth delay as children	Ibland (5–29 %)
General overgrowth	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of the endocrine system

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Pineal cyst	Ofta (30–79 %)
Delayed start of first period	Ibland (5–29 %)
Early onset of puberty	Ibland (5–29 %)
Neoplasm of the thyroid gland	Ibland (5–29 %)
Noncancerous tumor in pituitary gland	Ibland (5–29 %)

Abnormality of the respiratory system

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Laryngeal hypoplasia	Ofta (30–79 %)
Laryngeal carcinoma	Ibland (5–29 %)
Alveolar cell carcinoma	Inte registrerat
Lung adenocarcinoma	Inte registrerat
Non-small cell lung carcinoma	Inte registrerat

Laboratory abnormality

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Diabetes mellitus	Ibland (5–29 %)
High liver enzymes	Ibland (5–29 %)
High urine phosphate levels	Ibland (5–29 %)
Swelling caused by excess lymph fluid under skin	Ibland (5–29 %)
Increased level of L-fucose in urine	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of the breast

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Wide-spaced nipples	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Breast cancer	Ibland (5–29 %)
Accessory nipple	Inte registrerat

Abnormality of prenatal development or birth

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
High levels of amniotic fluid	Ofta (30–79 %)
Premature birth	Ofta (30–79 %)

Constitutional symptom

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Chronic fatigue	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)
Fatigue	Mycket ofta (80–99 %)

Abnormal tissue mass

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Cancer of skin pigment cells	Ibland (5–29 %)

Abnormality of the immune system

Egenskap	Hur ofta den förekommer
Baby eczema	Inte registrerat

Hur ofta det förekommer hos personer med ett av genens tillstånd, den vanligaste frekvensen bland dem, enligt Human Phenotype Ontology. Dessa sidor beskriver egenskaper och forskningen bakom dem. De är inte en diagnos, och det är läkare eller genetisk rådgivare du bör fråga om symtom.

Varifrån informationen kommer

Human Phenotype Ontology, version 2026-09-01: egenskaperna som kopplas till KRAS och hur ofta varje egenskap ses. Läs mer på hpo.jax.org.

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