Traits

Traits linked to KRAS

KRas proto-oncogene, GTPase

The Human Phenotype Ontology links 386 traits to KRAS, by body system: features seen in people with one of the gene's rare conditions.

Abnormality of head or neck

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Benign eye tumor	Altid
Broad neck	Altid
Bulbous nose	Altid
Coarse facial features	Altid
Full lower lip	Altid
Long philtrum	Altid
Short nose	Altid
Skin tag in front of the ear	Altid
Sparse eyebrow	Altid
Abnormal conjunctiva morphology	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormal eyelashes	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Absent eyebrow	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Adenoma sebaceum	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Broad opening between the eyelids	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Corners of eye widely separated	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Cystic hygroma	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Decreased width of the skull	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Depressed nasal bridge	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Flattened bony protrusion above eyes	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Frontal bossing	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Full cheeks	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
High forehead	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
High palate	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Little lower jaw	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Long face	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Midface retrusion	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Nasal tip, upturned	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Prominent back of the head	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Relatively large head	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Short neck	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Sparse or absent eyebrows	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Thickened skin folds of neck	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Triangular face	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Webbed neck	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormal nasolacrimal system morphology	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the eyelid	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the face	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the skull	Ofte (30–79 %)
Asymmetry of the posterior head	Ofte (30–79 %)
Big calvaria	Ofte (30–79 %)
Cheekbone underdevelopment	Ofte (30–79 %)
Deep philtrum	Ofte (30–79 %)
Enlargement of craniofacial bones	Ofte (30–79 %)
Eye folds	Ofte (30–79 %)
Facial asymmetry	Ofte (30–79 %)
Full lips	Ofte (30–79 %)
Giant cell granuloma of mandible	Ofte (30–79 %)
Left unilambdoid synostosis	Ofte (30–79 %)
Long, narrow head	Ofte (30–79 %)
Low hairline at back of neck	Ofte (30–79 %)
Narrow forehead	Ofte (30–79 %)
Narrow opening between the eyelids	Ofte (30–79 %)
Palpebral thickening	Ofte (30–79 %)
Prominent forehead	Ofte (30–79 %)
Short opening between the eyelids	Ofte (30–79 %)
Sparse or absent eyelashes	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormal facial shape	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Cancer of salivary gland	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Cleft eyelid	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Dandy-Walker malformation	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Early closure of midline skull joint	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Parietal bossing	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Submucous cleft hard palate	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Wide nasal bridge	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Abnormal dentition	Ikke registreret
Abnormality of dental color	Ikke registreret
Abnormality of dental shape	Ikke registreret
Abnormality of head shape	Ikke registreret
Absent eyelashes	Ikke registreret
Bad bite	Ikke registreret
Broad forehead	Ikke registreret
Decreased size of nasal bridge	Ikke registreret
Open bite	Ikke registreret
Open mouth	Ikke registreret
Scaphocephaly	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of the nervous system

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Decrease in size of the outer layer of the brain due to loss of brain cells	Altid
Degeneration of cerebrum	Altid
Global developmental delay	Altid
Intellectual disability	Altid
Intellectual disability, severe	Altid
Severe global developmental delay	Altid
Abnormal shape of nervous system	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormal speech pattern	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Absent septum pellucidum	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Absent/small cerebellum	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Agenesis of corpus callosum	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Difficulty articulating speech	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Diminished deep tendon reflex	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
EEG abnormality	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Epilepsy	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Glioblastoma multiforme	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Increased reflexes	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Neurodevelopmental abnormality	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Ventriculomegaly	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Anxiety	Ofte (30–79 %)
Attention deficit	Ofte (30–79 %)
Autism	Ofte (30–79 %)
Behavioral abnormality	Ofte (30–79 %)
Cavity within brain	Ofte (30–79 %)
Chiari type I malformation	Ofte (30–79 %)
Depression	Ofte (30–79 %)
Difficulty finding words	Ofte (30–79 %)
Echoing another person's speech	Ofte (30–79 %)
Inability to speak	Ofte (30–79 %)
Irritability	Ofte (30–79 %)
Migraine	Ofte (30–79 %)
Motor delay	Ofte (30–79 %)
Neurodevelopmental delay	Ofte (30–79 %)
Rise in pressure inside skull	Ofte (30–79 %)
Subcortical cerebral atrophy	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormal gait	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Abnormal pyramidal sign	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Benign neoplasm of the central nervous system	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Cancer of early nerve cells	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Disorder of involuntary muscle movements	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Disturbed sensory perception	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Dysgraphia	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Fluid-filled sac located in membrane surrounding brain or spinal cord	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Hallucinations	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Loss of developmental milestones	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Memory impairment	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Paralysis	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Paralysis of all four limbs	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Paralysis on one side of body	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Paralysis or weakness of one side of body	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Peripheral axonal neuropathy	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Pins and needles feeling	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Specific learning disability	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Too much cerebrospinal fluid in the brain	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Weakness of one side of body	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Hemimegalencephaly	Ikke registreret
More active than typical	Ikke registreret
Tongue thrusting	Ikke registreret
Underdeveloped frontal lobe	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of the integument

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Absence of part of skin at birth	Altid
Few cafe-au-lait spots	Altid
Hyperpigmented streaks	Altid
Absent/small skin	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Beauty mark	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Brittle hair	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Dry skin	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Excessive sweating	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Excessive wrinkled skin	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Fine hair	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Firm lump under the skin	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Generalized hyperpigmentation	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Hair loss	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Skin cancer	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Yellow bumps of fatty deposits on skin	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormal fingerprints	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormal hair quantity	Ofte (30–79 %)
Chicken skin	Ofte (30–79 %)
Coarse hair	Ofte (30–79 %)
Curly hair	Ofte (30–79 %)
Hyperelastic skin	Ofte (30–79 %)
Hyperkeratosis	Ofte (30–79 %)
Ichthyosis	Ofte (30–79 %)
Irregular hyperpigmentation	Ofte (30–79 %)
Liver spots	Ofte (30–79 %)
Multiple birthmarks	Ofte (30–79 %)
Patchy darkened skin	Ofte (30–79 %)
Poor fingernail formation	Ofte (30–79 %)
port-wine stain	Ofte (30–79 %)
Slow-growing hair	Ofte (30–79 %)
Sparse hair	Ofte (30–79 %)
Basal cell carcinoma	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Loose redundant skin	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Numerous moles	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Epidermal nevus	Ikke registreret
Linear nevus sebaceous	Ikke registreret
Mole	Ikke registreret
Nevus sebaceous	Ikke registreret
Patchy lightened skin	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of the cardiovascular system

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Increased spleen size	Altid
Abnormal cardiovascular system morphology	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormal EKG	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormal heart valve morphology	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
An opening in the wall separating the top two chambers of the heart	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Collection of dilated blood vessels that forms mass	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Narrowing of lung artery	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Narrowing of pulmonic valve	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormal heart rate	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormal pulmonary valve morphology	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the cardiovascular system	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the lymphatic system	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the spleen	Ofte (30–79 %)
Disease of the heart muscle	Ofte (30–79 %)
Enlarged and thickened heart muscle	Ofte (30–79 %)
Increased blood pressure in blood vessels of lungs	Ofte (30–79 %)
Mitral valve prolapse	Ofte (30–79 %)
Patent foramen ovale	Ofte (30–79 %)
Strawberry birthmark	Ofte (30–79 %)
Swollen lymph nodes	Ofte (30–79 %)
Tricuspid valve prolapse	Ofte (30–79 %)
Visceral angiomatosis	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormal aortic morphology	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Cardiac diverticulum	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Enlarged liver and spleen	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Hole in heart wall separating two lower heart chambers	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Interrupted aortic arch	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Narrowing of aorta	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Narrowing of aortic valve	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Patent ductus arteriosus	Sjældent (1–4%)
Cerebral arteriovenous malformation	Ikke registreret
Mini stroke	Ikke registreret
Strawberry mark	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of the digestive system

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Feeding difficulties	Altid
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Altid
Abdominal pain	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Absent/small abdominal wall muscles	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Anorexia	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Constipation	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Feeding difficulties in infancy	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Inability to properly digest food due to lack of pancreatic digestive enzymes	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Malabsorption	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Poor appetite	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Colon cancer	Ofte (30–79 %)
Enlarged colon lacking nerve cells	Ofte (30–79 %)
Enlarged liver	Ofte (30–79 %)
Extrahepatic cholestasis	Ofte (30–79 %)
Functional intestinal obstruction	Ofte (30–79 %)
Gastrostomy tube feeding in infancy	Ofte (30–79 %)
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction	Ofte (30–79 %)
Jaundice	Ofte (30–79 %)
Nausea and vomiting	Ofte (30–79 %)
Rectal tumor	Ofte (30–79 %)
Stomach tumor	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Cancer of the pancreas	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Functional abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Growths in inner lining of intestine	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Intermittent diarrhea	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Liver cancer	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Peritoneal abscess	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Acid reflux	Ikke registreret
Bladder exstrophy	Ikke registreret
Stomach cancer	Ikke registreret
Vomiting	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Funnel chest	Altid
Wide rib cage	Altid
Back pain	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Double-Jointed	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Inability to make and keep healthy fat tissue	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Low muscle tone	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Multiple fatty lumps	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Muscle weakness	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Pigeon chest	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Shield chest	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Vertebral segmentation defect	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormal deposits of calcium in the brain	Ofte (30–79 %)
Bone cyst	Ofte (30–79 %)
Breakdown of bone	Ofte (30–79 %)
Delayed bone maturation	Ofte (30–79 %)
Generalized decreased muscle tone	Ofte (30–79 %)
Involuntary muscle stiffness, contraction, or spasm	Ofte (30–79 %)
Muscle stiffness	Ofte (30–79 %)
Rigidity	Ofte (30–79 %)
Scoliosis	Ofte (30–79 %)
Skeletal tumor	Ofte (30–79 %)
Spasticity and rigidity of muscles	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormal shape of cartilage	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Abnormal skeletal development	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Dysostosis multiplex	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Flexed joint that cannot be straightened	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Osteochondrosis	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Osteopenia	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Hypophosphatemic rickets	Ikke registreret
Kyphoscoliosis	Ikke registreret
Recurrent fractures	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of the eye

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Blue eyes	Altid
Bulging eye	Altid
Farsightedness	Altid
Wide-set eyes	Altid
Abnormality of the eye	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormality of vision	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormally small eyeball	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Cat eye	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Drooping upper eyelid	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Noninflammatory retina disease	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Chorioretinal atrophy	Ofte (30–79 %)
Close sighted	Ofte (30–79 %)
Corneal opacity	Ofte (30–79 %)
Cross-eyed	Ofte (30–79 %)
Involuntary, rapid, rhythmic eye movements	Ofte (30–79 %)
Amaurosis fugax	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Astigmatism	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Cerebral visual impairment	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Eye muscle paralysis	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Opacification of the corneal stroma	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Optic atrophy	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Partial loss of field of vision	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Visual impairment	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Anisometropia	Ikke registreret
Cornea of eye less than 10mm in diameter	Ikke registreret
Notched pupil	Ikke registreret
Oculomotor apraxia	Ikke registreret
Optic nerve dysplasia	Ikke registreret
Progressive loss of vision	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of the genitourinary system

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Abnormality of the reproductive system	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the ureter	Ofte (30–79 %)
Undescended testes	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormality of the bladder	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Abnormality of the penis	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Dilatation of the renal pelvis	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Endometrial carcinoma	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Epispadias	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Hydronephrosis	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Hypospadias	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Kidney cancer	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Malignant genitourinary tract tumor	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Ovarian cancer	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Ovarian carcinoma	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Urinary tract neoplasm	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Bladder neoplasm	Ikke registreret
Horseshoe kidney	Ikke registreret
Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of limbs

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Curvature of little finger	Altid
Back knee	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Thickening of palms and soles	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormal morphology of ulna	Ofte (30–79 %)
Deep palm line	Ofte (30–79 %)
Outward turned elbows	Ofte (30–79 %)
Short fingers or toes	Ofte (30–79 %)
Short palm	Ofte (30–79 %)
Fused forearm bones	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Knock knees	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Abnormalities of the fingers	Ikke registreret
Abnormalities of the toes	Ikke registreret
Asymmetric overgrowth	Ikke registreret
Finger joint hyperextensibility	Ikke registreret
Left and right leg differ in length or width	Ikke registreret
Multiple plantar creases	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of the ear

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Thickened helices	Altid
Ears rotated toward back of head	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Low-set ears	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormality of the ear	Ofte (30–79 %)
Hearing impairment	Ofte (30–79 %)
Large earlobe	Ofte (30–79 %)
Large ears	Ofte (30–79 %)
Aplasia of the semicircular canal	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Sensorineural hearing impairment	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Earlobe crease	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Gastrointestinal bleeding	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Abnormal platelet function	Ofte (30–79 %)
Abnormality of coagulation	Ofte (30–79 %)
Bleeding tendency	Ofte (30–79 %)
Blood tumor	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Bruising susceptibility	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Acute myeloid leukemia	Ikke registreret

Growth abnormality

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Faltering weight	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Faltering weight in infancy	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Short stature	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Uneven or disproportionate growth of one body part compared to another	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Weight loss	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Growth delay	Ofte (30–79 %)
Growth delay as children	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
General overgrowth	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of the endocrine system

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Pineal cyst	Ofte (30–79 %)
Delayed start of first period	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Early onset of puberty	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Neoplasm of the thyroid gland	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Noncancerous tumor in pituitary gland	Nogle gange (5–29 %)

Abnormality of the respiratory system

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Laryngeal hypoplasia	Ofte (30–79 %)
Laryngeal carcinoma	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Alveolar cell carcinoma	Ikke registreret
Lung adenocarcinoma	Ikke registreret
Non-small cell lung carcinoma	Ikke registreret

Laboratory abnormality

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Diabetes mellitus	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
High liver enzymes	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
High urine phosphate levels	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Swelling caused by excess lymph fluid under skin	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Increased level of L-fucose in urine	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of the breast

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Wide-spaced nipples	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Breast cancer	Nogle gange (5–29 %)
Accessory nipple	Ikke registreret

Abnormality of prenatal development or birth

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
High levels of amniotic fluid	Ofte (30–79 %)
Premature birth	Ofte (30–79 %)

Constitutional symptom

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Chronic fatigue	Meget ofte (80–99 %)
Fatigue	Meget ofte (80–99 %)

Abnormal tissue mass

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Cancer of skin pigment cells	Nogle gange (5–29 %)

Abnormality of the immune system

Trait	Hvor ofte det ses
Baby eczema	Ikke registreret

Hvor hyppigt det ses hos personer med en af genets tilstande, den hyppigste værdi på tværs af dem, sådan som Human Phenotype Ontology registrerer det. Disse sider beskriver egenskaber og den forskning, der ligger bag dem. De er ikke en diagnose, og hvis du har spørgsmål om symptomer, bør du spørge en læge eller genetisk rådgiver.

Hvor oplysningerne kommer fra

The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the traits linked to KRAS and how often each is seen. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.

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