Trait
Fewer and broader ridges in brain
Clinical name: Pachygyria
Pachygyria is a malformation of cortical development with abnormally wide gyri with sulci 1,5-3 cm apart and abnormally thick cortex measuring more than 5 mm (radiological definition). See also neuropathological definitions for 2-, 3-, and 4-layered lissencephaly.
Summary
- Also called
- Cerebral pachygyria, Macrogyria
- Body system
- Abnormality of the nervous system
Reference genomeGRCh38hg38
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Read the genes linked to Fewer and broader ridges in brain, and the rest of your genome, with one test.
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Get my Genome Test166 genes linked to Fewer and broader ridges in brain
Changes in these genes cause rare conditions in which Fewer and broader ridges in brain is seen. Most people with this trait have none of those conditions, and a gene on this list says nothing about anyone's own genome.
| Gene | How often it is seen | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| BAIAP2BAR/IMD domain containing adaptor protein 2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| CAMSAP1calmodulin regulated spectrin associated protein 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| CASP2caspase 2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| CCDC88Acoiled-coil and HOOK domain protein 88A | Always | In 1 condition |
| CRNKL1crooked neck pre-mRNA splicing factor 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| CTNNA2catenin alpha 2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| EXOSC5exosome component 5 | Always | In 1 condition |
| ISCA1iron-sulfur cluster assembly 1 | Always | In 2 conditions |
| KIF2Akinesin family member 2A | Always | In 1 condition |
| LAMC3laminin subunit gamma 3 | Always | In 1 condition |
| LARGE1LARGE xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase 1 | Always | In 3 conditions |
| MACF1microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 | Always | In 2 conditions |
| SLC30A9solute carrier family 30 member 9 | Always | In 1 condition |
| SNAP29synaptosome associated protein 29 | Always | In 2 conditions |
| TCTN2tectonic family member 2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| TUBG1tubulin gamma 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| TUBGCP2tubulin gamma complex component 2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| WSB2WD repeat and SOCS box containing 2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| ACTBactin beta | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| ACTG1actin gamma 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| ARXaristaless related homeobox | Very often (80–99%) | In 3 conditions |
| B3GALNT2beta-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| B4GAT1beta-1,4-glucuronyltransferase 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| CEP85Lcentrosomal protein 85L | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| COL4A1collagen type IV alpha 1 chain | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| CRPPACDP-L-ribitol pyrophosphorylase A | Very often (80–99%) | In 3 conditions |
| DAG1dystroglycan 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| DYNC1H1dynein cytoplasmic 1 heavy chain 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| FKRPfukutin related protein | Very often (80–99%) | In 5 conditions |
| FKTNfukutin | Very often (80–99%) | In 4 conditions |
| NSDHLNAD(P) dependent 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase NSDHL | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| POMGNT1protein O-linked mannose N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1 (beta 1,2-) | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| POMGNT2protein O-linked mannose N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 (beta 1,4-) | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| POMKprotein O-mannose kinase | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| POMT1protein O-mannosyltransferase 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 3 conditions |
| POMT2protein O-mannosyltransferase 2 | Very often (80–99%) | In 3 conditions |
| RAB18RAB18, member RAS oncogene family | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| RAB3GAP1RAB3 GTPase activating protein catalytic subunit 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| RAB3GAP2RAB3 GTPase activating non-catalytic protein subunit 2 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| RXYLT1ribitol xylosyltransferase 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
Show 126 more genes
| Gene | How often it is seen | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| TBC1D20TBC1 domain family member 20 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| ANKLE2ankyrin repeat and LEM domain containing 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| ASPMassembly factor for spindle microtubules | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| ATP6V0A2ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit a2 | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| ATP6V1AATPase H+ transporting V1 subunit A | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| ATP6V1E1ATPase H+ transporting V1 subunit E1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| CDK5RAP2CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| CDK6cyclin dependent kinase 6 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| CENPEcentromere protein E | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| CEP135centrosomal protein 135 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| CEP152centrosomal protein 152 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| CEP295centrosomal protein 295 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| CITcitron rho-interacting serine/threonine kinase | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| COPB2coat protein complex I subunit beta 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| CPAPcentrosome assembly and centriole elongation protein | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| CSNK2A1casein kinase 2 alpha 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| DCXdoublecortin | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| FIG4FIG4 phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| GON7GON7 subunit of KEOPS complex | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| KATNB1katanin regulatory subunit B1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| KIF14kinesin family member 14 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| KNL1kinetochore scaffold 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| LAGE3L antigen family member 3 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| MCM7minichromosome maintenance complex component 7 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| MCPH1microcephalin 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| METTL5methyltransferase 5, N6-adenosine | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| MFSD2AMFSD2 lysolipid transporter A, lysophospholipid | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| NCAPD3non-SMC condensin II complex subunit D3 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| NFIXnuclear factor I X | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| NUP107nucleoporin 107 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| NUP133nucleoporin 133 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| NUP37nucleoporin 37 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| OSGEPO-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| PAFAH1B1platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase 1b regulatory subunit 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| PDCD6IPprogrammed cell death 6 interacting protein | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| PEX2peroxisomal biogenesis factor 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| PHC1polyhomeotic homolog 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| PLP1proteolipid protein 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| PYCR2pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| RRAGCRas related GTP binding C | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| SARS1seryl-tRNA synthetase 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| SASS6SAS-6 centriolar assembly protein | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| STILSTIL centriolar assembly protein | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| TAF13TATA-box binding protein associated factor 13 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| TP53RKTP53 regulating kinase | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| TPRKBTP53RK binding protein | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| TRAPPC10trafficking protein particle complex subunit 10 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| TRAPPC14trafficking protein particle complex subunit 14 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| TUBA1Atubulin alpha 1a | Often (30–79%) | In 3 conditions |
| TUBB2Btubulin beta 2B class IIb | Often (30–79%) | In 3 conditions |
| TUBB3tubulin beta 3 class III | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| VAC14VAC14 component of PIKFYVE complex | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| WARS1tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| WDR4WDR4 tRNA N7-guanosine methyltransferase non-catalytic subunit | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| WDR62WD repeat domain 62 | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| WDR73WD repeat domain 73 | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| YRDCyrdC N6-threonylcarbamoyltransferase domain containing | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| ADAMTS3ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 3 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| AKT3AKT serine/threonine kinase 3 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| ALG12ALG12 alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| AXIN1axin 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| CACNA1Ecalcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 E | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| CASKcalcium/calmodulin dependent serine protein kinase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 2 conditions |
| CCBE1collagen and calcium binding EGF domains 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 2 conditions |
| CDKL5cyclin dependent kinase like 5 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| CPT2carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| DHCR2424-dehydrocholesterol reductase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| DMXL2Dmx like 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| FAT4FAT atypical cadherin 4 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| FBXO28F-box protein 28 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| FLI1Fli-1 proto-oncogene, ETS transcription factor | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| FOXG1forkhead box G1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| FRMD5FERM domain containing 5 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| GNAO1G protein subunit alpha o1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| GPX4glutathione peroxidase 4 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| GRIN1glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| GRM7glutamate metabotropic receptor 7 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| KAT6Blysine acetyltransferase 6B | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| KCNA1potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| KIFBPkinesin family binding protein | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 2 conditions |
| LAMA2laminin subunit alpha 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| LGI1leucine rich glioma inactivated 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| LMNB1lamin B1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MLYCDmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MTORmechanistic target of rapamycin kinase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| NARS1asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| NEK1NIMA related kinase 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| NEUROD2neuronal differentiation 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PDHBpyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunit beta | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PIDD1p53-induced death domain protein 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PIGPphosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class P | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PIGQphosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class Q | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PIK3CAphosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 2 conditions |
| PNKPpolynucleotide kinase 3'-phosphatase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PPFIBP1PPFIB scaffold protein 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PRKDCprotein kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic subunit | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| RHOBTB2Rho related BTB domain containing 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| RNU4ATACRNA, U4atac small nuclear | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| RTTNrotatin | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SCN1Bsodium voltage-gated channel beta subunit 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SCN2Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SIK1salt inducible kinase 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SLC25A22solute carrier family 25 member 22 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SLC32A1solute carrier family 32 member 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SNF8SNF8 subunit of ESCRT-II | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| TMX2thioredoxin related transmembrane protein 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| TRIM8tripartite motif containing 8 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| WDR26WD repeat domain 26 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| GFM2GTP dependent ribosome recycling factor mitochondrial 2 | Rarely (1–4%) | In 1 condition |
| TBR1T-box brain transcription factor 1 | Rarely (1–4%) | In 1 condition |
| ARHGAP31Rho GTPase activating protein 31 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| ATRATR checkpoint kinase | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| CRADDCARD and death domain containing adaptor protein | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| DCHS1dachsous cadherin-related 1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| ETFAelectron transfer flavoprotein subunit alpha | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| ETFBelectron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| ETFDHelectron transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| NDE1nudE neurodevelopment protein 1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| OCLNoccludin | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PEX10peroxisomal biogenesis factor 10 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PIK3R2phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| RMND1required for meiotic nuclear division 1 homolog | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| TCTN1tectonic family member 1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| TUBGCP6tubulin gamma complex component 6 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| VLDLRvery low density lipoprotein receptor | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| ZNHIT3zinc finger HIT-type containing 3 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
How often is among people with one of the gene's conditions, the most often across them, as the Human Phenotype Ontology records it. These pages describe traits and the research behind them; they are not a diagnosis, and a doctor or genetic counsellor is the person to ask about symptoms.
Narrower traits
Broader traits
Where this comes from
- The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the trait, its names, its definition and the genes linked to it. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.
- Data release 2026.10.16-c6eea6bf.
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