Trait
Apnea
Lack of breathing with no movement of the respiratory muscles and no exchange of air in the lungs. This term refers to a disposition to have recurrent episodes of apnea rather than to a single event.
Summary
- Also called
- Absence of spontaneous respiration, Apneic episodes, Apnoea
- Body system
- Abnormality of the respiratory system
Reference genomeGRCh38hg38
Positions on gene and variant pages follow this choice, in this browser.
Read the genes linked to Apnea, and the rest of your genome, with one test.
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Get my Genome Test203 genes linked to Apnea
Changes in these genes cause rare conditions in which Apnea is seen. Most people with this trait have none of those conditions, and a gene on this list says nothing about anyone's own genome.
| Gene | How often it is seen | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| ADAM22ADAM metallopeptidase domain 22 | Always | In 1 condition |
| AP3D1adaptor related protein complex 3 subunit delta 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| ATP5F1AATP synthase F1 subunit alpha | Always | In 1 condition |
| CAPNS1calpain small subunit 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| CTSDcathepsin D | Always | In 1 condition |
| DAGLAdiacylglycerol lipase alpha | Always | In 1 condition |
| DSTdystonin | Always | In 3 conditions |
| ECHS1enoyl-CoA hydratase, short chain 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| EEFSECeukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific | Always | In 1 condition |
| FDXRferredoxin reductase | Always | In 1 condition |
| GABRA1gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| GCSHglycine cleavage system protein H | Always | In 1 condition |
| GLULglutamate-ammonia ligase | Always | In 1 condition |
| GRIN1glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| JKAMPJNK1/MAPK8 associated membrane protein | Always | In 1 condition |
| KIF5Akinesin family member 5A | Always | In 1 condition |
| LBX1ladybird homeobox 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| MECP2methyl-CpG binding protein 2 | Always | In 4 conditions |
| MSL2MSL complex subunit 2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| MYO1Hmyosin IH | Always | In 1 condition |
| NDUFA2NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| NDUFS4NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S4 | Always | In 1 condition |
| NSD1nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| NUP214nucleoporin 214 | Always | In 1 condition |
| OPA1OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase | Always | In 1 condition |
| PAN2poly(A) specific ribonuclease subunit PAN2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| PEX1peroxisomal biogenesis factor 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| PIGAphosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class A | Always | In 1 condition |
| SATB2SATB homeobox 2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| SCN4Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 4 | Always | In 3 conditions |
| SCO1synthesis of cytochrome C oxidase 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| SLC25A12solute carrier family 25 member 12 | Always | In 1 condition |
| SPINK5serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 5 | Always | In 1 condition |
| SPOUT1SPOUT domain containing methyltransferase 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| STAT2signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| AHI1Abelson helper integration site 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| ARL13BARF like GTPase 13B | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| ARL3ARF like GTPase 3 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| ARMC9armadillo repeat containing 9 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| B9D1B9 domain containing 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
Show 163 more genes
| Gene | How often it is seen | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| B9D2B9 domain containing 2 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| BRAT1BRCA1 associated ATM activator 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| CBY1chibby 1, beta catenin antagonist | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| CC2D2Acoiled-coil and C2 domain containing 2A | Very often (80–99%) | In 3 conditions |
| CEP104centrosomal protein 104 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| CEP120centrosomal protein 120 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| CEP290centrosomal protein 290 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| CEP41centrosomal protein 41 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| CPLANE1ciliogenesis and planar polarity effector complex subunit 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| CSPP1centrosome and spindle pole associated protein 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 3 conditions |
| HYLS1HYLS1 centriolar and ciliogenesis associated | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| IFT74intraflagellar transport 74 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| INPP5Einositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase E | Very often (80–99%) | In 3 conditions |
| KATNIPkatanin interacting protein | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| KIAA0586KIAA0586 | Very often (80–99%) | In 3 conditions |
| KIAA0753KIAA0753 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| MKS1MKS transition zone complex subunit 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| NPHP1nephrocystin 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| OFD1OFD1 centriole and centriolar satellite protein | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| PDE6Dphosphodiesterase 6D | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| PIBF1progesterone immunomodulatory binding factor 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| RPGRIP1LRPGRIP1 like | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| SLC5A7solute carrier family 5 member 7 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| SUFUSUFU negative regulator of hedgehog signaling | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| TCTN1tectonic family member 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| TCTN2tectonic family member 2 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| TCTN3tectonic family member 3 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| TMEM138transmembrane protein 138 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| TMEM216transmembrane protein 216 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| TMEM218transmembrane protein 218 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| TMEM231transmembrane protein 231 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| TMEM237transmembrane protein 237 | Very often (80–99%) | In 3 conditions |
| TMEM67transmembrane protein 67 | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| TOGARAM1TOG array regulator of axonemal microtubules 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| ZNF423zinc finger protein 423 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| ASXL1ASXL transcriptional regulator 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| CAMK2Bcalcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II beta | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| COQ4coenzyme Q4 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| DDCdopa decarboxylase | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| DHRSXdehydrogenase/reductase X-linked | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| EPG5ectopic P-granules 5 autophagy tethering factor | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| GBA1glucosylceramidase beta 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| HDAC4histone deacetylase 4 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| HDAC9histone deacetylase 9 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| HSPD1heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| KCNQ2potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 4 conditions |
| KCNQ3potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 3 | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| LIFRLIF receptor subunit alpha | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| MRPL39mitochondrial ribosomal protein L39 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| MYL1myosin light chain 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| NAA10N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| NDUFA11NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A11 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| NDUFS1NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| PLAAphospholipase A2 activating protein | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| PRRT2proline rich transmembrane protein 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| PSAT1phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| RARS2arginyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| SCN2Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 4 conditions |
| SCN8Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 8 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| SEPSECSSep (O-phosphoserine) tRNA:Sec (selenocysteine) tRNA synthase | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| SFTPBsurfactant protein B | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| SLC18A3solute carrier family 18 member A3 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| SOX9SRY-box transcription factor 9 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| TSEN15tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit 15 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| TSEN2tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| TSEN34tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit 34 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| TSEN54tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit 54 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| ACY1aminoacylase 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| ADGRG1adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| ATP1A2ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| ATP1A3ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 3 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| BTDbiotinidase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 2 conditions |
| BUB1BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| BUB1BBUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| BUB3BUB3 mitotic checkpoint protein | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| CACNA1Acalcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 A | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| CDKL5cyclin dependent kinase like 5 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| CEP57centrosomal protein 57 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| CLCN7Cl-/H+ antiporter 7 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| CRLS1cardiolipin synthase 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| CRYABcrystallin alpha B | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| DPAGT1dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| FAM149B1family with sequence similarity 149 member B1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| FBN1fibrillin 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| FBXO22F-box protein 22 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| GNB2G protein subunit beta 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| GRIK2glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| HMGCL3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| HSPG2heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| KAT6Blysine acetyltransferase 6B | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| KCNJ11potassium inwardly rectifying channel subfamily J member 11 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| KIF7kinesin family member 7 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MINPP1multiple inositol-polyphosphate phosphatase 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MOGSmannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-ATP6mitochondrially encoded ATP synthase membrane subunit 6 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-ND1mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-ND2mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-ND3mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 3 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-ND4mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 4 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-ND5mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 5 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-ND6mitochondrially encoded NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 6 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-TKmitochondrially encoded tRNA-Lys (AAA/G) | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-TL1mitochondrially encoded tRNA-Leu (UUA/G) 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-TL2mitochondrially encoded tRNA-Leu (CUN) 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-TVmitochondrially encoded tRNA-Val (GUN) | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MT-TWmitochondrially encoded tRNA-Trp (UGA/G) | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MTHFRmethylenetetrahydrofolate reductase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| NDUFA6NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A6 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| NDUFS2NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| NEK1NIMA related kinase 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| OSTM1osteoclastogenesis associated transmembrane protein 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PI4KAphosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PLPBPpyridoxal phosphate binding protein | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PRKAG2protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PURApurine rich element binding protein A | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| RBM10RNA binding motif protein 10 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| RHOBTB2Rho related BTB domain containing 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| RNF125ring finger protein 125 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SKISKI proto-oncogene | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SLC1A3solute carrier family 1 member 3 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SLC2A1solute carrier family 2 member 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SLC6A5solute carrier family 6 member 5 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SNX10sorting nexin 10 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SRPX2sushi repeat containing protein X-linked 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SUCLG1succinate-CoA ligase GDP/ADP-forming subunit alpha | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| TCIRG1T cell immune regulator 1, ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit a3 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| TNFSF11TNF superfamily member 11 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| TOE1target of EGR1, exonuclease | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| TOPORSTOP1 binding arginine/serine rich protein, E3 ubiquitin ligase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| TRIP13thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| ABCA3ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 3 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| ALPLalkaline phosphatase, biomineralization associated | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| AMER1APC membrane recruitment protein 1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| BCHEbutyrylcholinesterase | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| CPT2carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| D2HGDHD-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| FBP1fructose-bisphosphatase 1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| GABBR2gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| GLRA1glycine receptor alpha 1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| GNAI3G protein subunit alpha i3 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| GPHNgephyrin | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| HTRA2HtrA serine peptidase 2 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| LIASlipoic acid synthetase | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| MCCC1methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase subunit 1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| MYO9Amyosin IXA | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| NDUFAF2NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex assembly factor 2 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| NDUFS8NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S8 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| NDUFV1NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit V1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| NEBnebulin | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| NFIXnuclear factor I X | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PCCApropionyl-CoA carboxylase subunit alpha | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PCCBpropionyl-CoA carboxylase subunit beta | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PCK1phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PEX13peroxisomal biogenesis factor 13 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PEX5peroxisomal biogenesis factor 5 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PHOX2Bpaired like homeobox 2B | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PLCB4phospholipase C beta 4 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PRNPprion protein (Kanno blood group) | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PTF1Apancreas associated transcription factor 1a | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| SLC6A9solute carrier family 6 member 9 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| TMEM107transmembrane protein 107 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| TSPYL1TSPY like 1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| ZC4H2zinc finger C4H2-type containing | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
How often is among people with one of the gene's conditions, the most often across them, as the Human Phenotype Ontology records it. These pages describe traits and the research behind them; they are not a diagnosis, and a doctor or genetic counsellor is the person to ask about symptoms.
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Where this comes from
- The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the trait, its names, its definition and the genes linked to it. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.
- Data release 2026.10.16-c6eea6bf.
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