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Gene

PARN

poly(A)-specific ribonuclease

Summary

Cytogenetic location
16p13.12
Coordinates
Chromosome 16: 14,435,701–14,630,260 (GRCh38)
Exons
24 exons across 194.6 kb
Protein
639 amino acids
Also known as
DAN
MANE Select transcript
ENST00000437198.7NM_002582.4
Locus type
gene with protein product
  • Very high
  • Confident
  • Low
  • Very low

Reference genomeGRCh38

Positions on gene and variant pages follow this choice, in this browser.

Curated reports relevant to this gene

  • Dyskeratosis Congenita

    • Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a rare ectodermal dysplasia that often presents with the classic triad of nail dysplasia, skin pigmentary changes, and oral leukoplakia associated with a high risk of bone marrow failure (BMF) and cancer.

      • 2 GenCC submitters rate it definitive or strong
    • Telomere syndromes

      Disorders of short telomeres caused by variants in telomere-maintenance genes such as TERT, TERC, RTEL1 and PARN, which can cause bone marrow failure, lung fibrosis and liver disease even without classic skin signs.

      • ClinGen rates the link definitive
      • 3 GenCC submitters rate it definitive or strong
      What knowing changes

      Monitoring of blood counts, lungs and liver is advised, and the diagnosis informs donor selection and treatment choices for stem cell transplantation.

  • Familial Pulmonary Fibrosis

    • Telomere-related Pulmonary Fibrosis and/or Bone Marrow Failure

      Variants in telomere-maintenance genes such as TERT, TERC, RTEL1 and PARN can cause progressive pulmonary fibrosis in adulthood, sometimes together with bone marrow failure or liver disease.

      • ClinGen rates the link definitive
      • 3 GenCC submitters rate it definitive or strong
      What knowing changes

      Knowing can prompt earlier lung monitoring and treatment, screening for blood and liver involvement, care with immunosuppressive drugs around transplant, and careful selection of related donors.

How PARN is laid out

  • Coding sequence
  • Untranslated region
  • Intron
  • Direction of transcription
  • Known disease-causing sites
  • Stretches short reads find hard
Chromosome 16, with a bracket where PARN sits. PARN and 8 genes near it on chromosome 16, from 14,032,981 to 15,032,980.Chromosome 1616p13.12p13.3p13.2p13.13p13.12p13.11p12.3p12.2p12.1p11.2p11.1q11.1q11.2q12.1q12.2q13q21q22.1q22.2q22.3q23.1q23.2q23.3q24.1q24.2q24.314.2 Mb14.4 Mb14.6 Mb14.8 Mb15 MbMRTFB: 14,071,058–14,266,778, forward strandMRTFBPARN: 14,435,701–14,630,260, reverse strandPARNBFAR: 14,632,813–14,669,252, forward strandBFARPLA2G10: 14,672,382–14,694,493, reverse strandPLA2G10NPIPA3: 14,703,411–14,726,342, forward strandNPIPA3NPIPA2: 14,742,533–14,765,462, forward strandNPIPA2NOMO1: 14,833,691–14,896,158, forward strandNOMO1NPIPA1: 14,922,802–14,952,060, forward strandNPIPA1PDXDC1: 14,974,591–15,153,671, forward strandPDXDC1Diagram of PARN: 24 exons on the reverse strand of chromosome 16Exon 23: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 22: 6 known disease-causing sitesExon 21: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 20: 3 known disease-causing sitesExon 19: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 18: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 17: 4 known disease-causing sitesExon 16: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 15: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 14: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 13: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 12: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 11: 5 known disease-causing sitesExon 9: 5 known disease-causing sitesExon 8: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 7: 3 known disease-causing sitesExon 6: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 5: 3 known disease-causing sitesExon 3: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 2: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 24: 14,435,701–14,436,772, 1,072 basesExon 23: 14,446,888–14,447,081, 194 basesExon 22: 14,482,638–14,482,827, 190 basesExon 21: 14,552,021–14,552,095, 75 basesExon 20: 14,554,065–14,554,151, 87 basesExon 19: 14,555,654–14,555,709, 56 basesExon 18: 14,580,874–14,580,943, 70 basesExon 17: 14,582,181–14,582,291, 111 basesExon 16: 14,584,347–14,584,422, 76 basesExon 15: 14,584,749–14,584,791, 43 basesExon 14: 14,586,318–14,586,361, 44 basesExon 13: 14,593,301–14,593,378, 78 basesExon 12: 14,599,904–14,599,960, 57 basesExon 11: 14,604,146–14,604,226, 81 basesExon 10: 14,606,484–14,606,526, 43 basesExon 9: 14,608,281–14,608,319, 39 basesExon 8: 14,609,058–14,609,123, 66 basesExon 7: 14,610,644–14,610,809, 166 basesExon 6: 14,617,590–14,617,650, 61 basesExon 5: 14,627,106–14,627,187, 82 basesExon 4: 14,627,269–14,627,336, 68 basesExon 3: 14,628,172–14,628,251, 80 basesExon 2: 14,629,597–14,629,674, 78 basesExon 1: 14,630,107–14,630,260, 154 bases24201015′3′

Exons of the gene's MANE Select transcript (release v1.5), from NCBI and EMBL-EBI, on the GRCh38 reference genome.

Chromosome bands from UCSC's GRCh38 ideogram (2022-10-29).

Nearby genes from Ensembl release 116, on GRCh38.

Exons make up 3.1 kb of the gene's 194.6 kb; 1,920 of those bases code for the protein.

How a genome test reads PARN

76

positions in PARN where ClinVar classes a change as pathogenic or likely pathogenic

None of them falls in a region short reads find hard.

A whole genome covers all 194.6 kb of PARN, introns included, not only the 3.1 kb of exons.

Where this comes from

  • HGNC: the gene's symbol, name, other symbols and location.
  • MANE Select v1.5, from NCBI and EMBL-EBI: the transcript, its exons and coding sequence.
  • GenCC and ClinGen, released 2026-10-16: which conditions the gene is linked to, and how strongly.
  • The ACMG secondary findings list, SF v3.2.
  • ClinVar and the GIAB stratifications: known disease-causing sites, and the regions short reads find hard.
  • The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the traits linked to the gene. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.
  • Data release 2026.10.16-c6eea6bf.

Cite this page

APA

Dante Labs. (n.d.). PARN gene: poly(A)-specific ribonuclease. Retrieved 16 October 2026, from https://dantelabs.com/genes/parn

Vancouver

Dante Labs. PARN gene: poly(A)-specific ribonuclease [Internet]. [cited 16 October 2026]. Available from: https://dantelabs.com/genes/parn

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