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Gene

IL2RA

interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha

Summary

Cytogenetic location
10p15.1
Coordinates
Chromosome 10: 6,010,689–6,062,367 (GRCh38)
Exons
8 exons across 51.7 kb
Protein
272 amino acids
Inheritance
Autosomal recessive
Also known as
CD25
Previous symbols
IL2R, IDDM10
MANE Select transcript
ENST00000379959.8NM_000417.3
Locus type
gene with protein product
  • Very high
  • Confident
  • Low
  • Very low

Reference genomeGRCh38

Positions on gene and variant pages follow this choice, in this browser.

Curated reports relevant to this gene

  • Diabetes Mellitus

    • A metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels due to diminished production of insulin or insulin resistance/desensitization.

      • 1 GenCC submitter rates it definitive or strong
      What knowing changes

      Teplizumab (Tzield) for stage 2 presymptomatic T1D (FDA approved 2022); insulin replacement at clinical T1D onset; TrialNet autoantibody screening for high-risk relatives; closed-loop insulin delivery systems

  • IPEX Syndrome and Other Tregopathies

    • CD25 deficiency (IL2RA)Autosomal recessive

      An IPEX-like condition with autoimmunity, enteropathy and infections caused by changes in both copies of IL2RA.

      • ClinGen rates the link definitive
      • 3 GenCC submitters rate it definitive or strong
      What knowing changes

      Immunosuppression and stem cell transplantation are used.

  • Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus

    • Diabetes diagnosed in the first months of life, either permanent or transient, caused by single-gene defects in insulin production or secretion.

      • 1 GenCC submitter rates it definitive or strong
      What knowing changes

      Most people with KCNJ11 or ABCC8 neonatal diabetes can switch from insulin injections to sulfonylurea tablets, often with better glucose control.

Broader groupings

  • Other Inborn Errors of Immunity

    • Immunodeficiency Disease

      One of 170 genes linked to it

      Disease in which there is a deficiency or defect in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral.

      • ClinGen rates the link definitive
      • 3 GenCC submitters rate it definitive or strong
      What knowing changes

      HSCT for SCID and severe PIDs; immunoglobulin replacement (IVIG/SCIG) for antibody deficiencies; leniolisib (Joenja, FDA 2023) for APDS; gene therapy for ADA-SCID; abatacept for CTLA4/LRBA deficiency; prophylactic antibiotics; G-CSF for CGD

Inheritance

Autosomal recessive
It takes a changed copy from each parent. With one, you are a carrier and usually unaffected; when both parents are carriers, each child has a one-in-four chance of inheriting two.

How IL2RA is laid out

  • Coding sequence
  • Untranslated region
  • Intron
  • Direction of transcription
  • Known disease-causing sites
  • Stretches short reads find hard
Chromosome 10, with a bracket where IL2RA sits. IL2RA and 9 genes near it on chromosome 10, from 5,536,528 to 6,536,527.Chromosome 1010p15.1p15.3p15.2p15.1p14p13p12.33p12.32p12.31p12.2p12.1p11.23p11.22p11.21p11.1q11.1q11.21q11.22q11.23q21.1q21.2q21.3q22.1q22.2q22.3q23.1q23.2q23.31q23.32q23.33q24.1q24.2q24.31q24.32q24.33q25.1q25.2q25.3q26.11q26.12q26.13q26.2q26.35.6 Mb5.8 Mb6 Mb6.2 Mb6.4 MbASB13: 5,638,856–5,666,627, reverse strandASB13TASOR2: 5,684,731–5,765,722, forward strandTASOR2GDI2: 5,763,583–5,842,132, reverse strandGDI2ANKRD16: 5,860,934–5,889,994, reverse strandANKRD16FBH1: 5,890,164–5,937,624, forward strandFBH1IL15RA: 5,943,505–5,978,187, reverse strandIL15RAIL2RA: 6,010,689–6,062,367, reverse strandIL2RARBM17: 6,086,898–6,117,457, forward strandRBM17PFKFB3: 6,144,885–6,254,644, forward strandPFKFB3PRKCQ: 6,427,136–6,580,855, reverse strandPRKCQDiagram of IL2RA: 8 exons on the reverse strand of chromosome 10Exon 3: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 2: 5 known disease-causing sitesExon 8: 6,010,689–6,012,896, 2,208 basesExon 7: 6,018,053–6,018,119, 67 basesExon 6: 6,019,428–6,019,499, 72 basesExon 5: 6,019,870–6,019,941, 72 basesExon 4: 6,021,478–6,021,693, 216 basesExon 3: 6,024,244–6,024,354, 111 basesExon 2: 6,025,834–6,026,025, 192 basesExon 1: 6,062,088–6,062,367, 280 bases864215′3′

Exons of the gene's MANE Select transcript (release v1.5), from NCBI and EMBL-EBI, on the GRCh38 reference genome.

Chromosome bands from UCSC's GRCh38 ideogram (2022-10-29).

Nearby genes from Ensembl release 116, on GRCh38.

Exons make up 3.2 kb of the gene's 51.7 kb; 819 of those bases code for the protein.

How a genome test reads IL2RA

10

positions in IL2RA where ClinVar classes a change as pathogenic or likely pathogenic

None of them falls in a region short reads find hard.

A whole genome covers all 51.7 kb of IL2RA, introns included, not only the 3.2 kb of exons.

Where this comes from

  • HGNC: the gene's symbol, name, other symbols and location.
  • MANE Select v1.5, from NCBI and EMBL-EBI: the transcript, its exons and coding sequence.
  • GenCC and ClinGen, released 2026-10-16: which conditions the gene is linked to, and how strongly.
  • The ACMG secondary findings list, SF v3.2.
  • ClinVar and the GIAB stratifications: known disease-causing sites, and the regions short reads find hard.
  • The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the traits linked to the gene. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.
  • Data release 2026.10.16-c6eea6bf.

Cite this page

APA

Dante Labs. (n.d.). IL2RA gene: interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha. Retrieved 17 October 2026, from https://dantelabs.com/genes/il2ra

Vancouver

Dante Labs. IL2RA gene: interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha [Internet]. [cited 17 October 2026]. Available from: https://dantelabs.com/genes/il2ra

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