Trait
Pauses in breathing while sleeping
Clinical name: Sleep apnea
An intermittent cessation of airflow at the mouth and nose during sleep is known as sleep apnea. Apneas that last at least 10 seconds are considered significant, but individuals with sleep apnea may experience apneas lasting from 20 seconds up to 2 or 3 minutes. Patients may have up to 15 events per hour of sleep.
Summary
- Also called
- Sleep apnoea
- Body system
- Abnormality of the nervous system
Reference genomeGRCh38hg38
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Get my Genome Test89 genes linked to Pauses in breathing while sleeping
Changes in these genes cause rare conditions in which Pauses in breathing while sleeping is seen. Most people with this trait have none of those conditions, and a gene on this list says nothing about anyone's own genome.
| Gene | How often it is seen | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| ABCC9ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 9 | Always | In 1 condition |
| ASNSasparagine synthetase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) | Always | In 1 condition |
| DHRS3dehydrogenase/reductase 3 | Always | In 1 condition |
| DNM1Ldynamin 1L | Always | In 1 condition |
| HSPB8heat shock protein family B (small) member 8 | Always | In 1 condition |
| LRRC32leucine rich repeat containing 32 | Always | In 1 condition |
| LRRC7leucine rich repeat containing 7 | Always | In 1 condition |
| MUSKmuscle associated receptor tyrosine kinase | Always | In 1 condition |
| NAA80N-alpha-acetyltransferase 80, NatH catalytic subunit | Always | In 1 condition |
| NDUFAF2NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex assembly factor 2 | Always | In 1 condition |
| PRKAR1Aprotein kinase cAMP-dependent type I regulatory subunit alpha | Always | In 1 condition |
| RNU5B-1RNA, U5B small nuclear 1 | Always | In 1 condition |
| TM2D3TM2 domain containing 3 | Always | In 1 condition |
| UBAP2Lubiquitin associated protein 2 like | Always | In 1 condition |
| VPS51VPS51 subunit of GARP complex | Always | In 1 condition |
| ARSBarylsulfatase B | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| GNEglucosamine (UDP-N-acetyl)-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase | Very often (80–99%) | In 2 conditions |
| RAI1retinoic acid induced 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 3 conditions |
| TSPYL1TSPY like 1 | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| ZBTB7Azinc finger and BTB domain containing 7A | Very often (80–99%) | In 1 condition |
| AFF4ALF transcription elongation factor 4 | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| AHDC1AT-hook DNA binding motif containing 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| AIPAHR interacting HSP90 co-chaperone | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| C2CD3C2 domain containing 3 centriole elongation regulator | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| CEP57centrosomal protein 57 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| GABRG2gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| GPR101G protein-coupled receptor 101 | Often (30–79%) | In 2 conditions |
| GRIN2Aglutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| HERC2HECT and RLD domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| MAGEL2MAGE family member L2 | Often (30–79%) | In 3 conditions |
| MARK2microtubule affinity regulating kinase 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| MKRN3makorin ring finger protein 3 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| MRPS34mitochondrial ribosomal protein S34 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| NCAPG2non-SMC condensin II complex subunit G2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| NPAP1nuclear pore associated protein 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| NUP54nucleoporin 54 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| PRNPprion protein (Kanno blood group) | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| PWAR1Prader Willi/Angelman region RNA 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| PWRN1Prader-Willi region non-protein coding RNA 1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| SNORD115-1small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 115-1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
Show 49 more genes
| Gene | How often it is seen | Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| SNORD116-1small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 116-1 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| SPOPspeckle type BTB/POZ protein | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| SRPX2sushi repeat containing protein X-linked 2 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| TCF4transcription factor 4 | Often (30–79%) | In 1 condition |
| ARL3ARF like GTPase 3 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| ATP1A2ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| BRAFB-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| COL13A1collagen type XIII alpha 1 chain | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| COLQcollagen like tail subunit of asymmetric acetylcholinesterase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| CTNNB1catenin beta 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| CTSHcathepsin H | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| DPH1diphthamide biosynthesis 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| DPH2diphthamide biosynthesis 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| EXT2exostosin glycosyltransferase 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| FGFR2fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 2 conditions |
| FGFR3fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 2 conditions |
| FXNfrataxin | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| GSNgelsolin | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| HCRThypocretin neuropeptide precursor | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| HLA-DQB1major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| HLA-DRB1major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| IDSiduronate 2-sulfatase | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| LAMB2laminin subunit beta 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| LARP7La ribonucleoprotein 7, transcriptional regulator | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MED27mediator complex subunit 27 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MOGmyelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| NDUFS2NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| P2RY11purinergic receptor P2Y11 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PIK3CAphosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| PRMT7protein arginine methyltransferase 7 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| REREarginine-glutamic acid dipeptide repeats | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| RPS6KA3ribosomal protein S6 kinase A3 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| RUNX2RUNX family transcription factor 2 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SIN3ASIN3 transcription regulator family member A | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SLC32A1solute carrier family 32 member 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SOX9SRY-box transcription factor 9 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| SYT1synaptotagmin 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 2 conditions |
| TNFSF4TNF superfamily member 4 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| TWIST1twist family bHLH transcription factor 1 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| USP7ubiquitin specific peptidase 7 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| ZNF365zinc finger protein 365 | Sometimes (5–29%) | In 1 condition |
| MYT1Lmyelin transcription factor 1 like | Rarely (1–4%) | In 1 condition |
| PABPN1poly(A) binding protein nuclear 1 | Rarely (1–4%) | In 1 condition |
| DCTN1dynactin subunit 1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| FLCNfolliculin | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| LTBP3latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 3 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| NEFHneurofilament heavy chain | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| PRPHperipherin | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
| SOD1superoxide dismutase 1 | Not recorded | In 1 condition |
How often is among people with one of the gene's conditions, the most often across them, as the Human Phenotype Ontology records it. These pages describe traits and the research behind them; they are not a diagnosis, and a doctor or genetic counsellor is the person to ask about symptoms.
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Where this comes from
- The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the trait, its names, its definition and the genes linked to it. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.
- Data release 2026.10.16-c6eea6bf.
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