Skip to content
Use your HSA or FSA funds

Gene

TRIO

trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor

Summary

Cytogenetic location
5p15.2
Coordinates
Chromosome 5: 14,143,342–14,510,204 (GRCh38)
Exons
57 exons across 366.9 kb
Protein
3,097 amino acids
Also known as
ARHGEF23
MANE Select transcript
ENST00000344204.9NM_007118.4
Locus type
gene with protein product

Reference genomeGRCh38

Positions on gene and variant pages follow this choice, in this browser.

Curated report relevant to this gene

    • Intellectual Disability

      • One of 233 genes linked to it

        • ClinGen rates the link definitive
        • 6 GenCC submitters rate it definitive or strong

    How TRIO is laid out

    • Coding sequence
    • Untranslated region
    • Intron
    • Direction of transcription
    • Known disease-causing sites
    • Stretches short reads find hard
    Chromosome 5, with a bracket where TRIO sits. TRIO and 4 genes near it on chromosome 5, from 13,776,479 to 14,877,067.Chromosome 55p15.2p15.33p15.32p15.31p15.2p15.1p14.3p14.2p14.1p13.3p13.2p13.1p12p11q11.1q11.2q12.1q12.2q12.3q13.1q13.2q13.3q14.1q14.2q14.3q15q21.1q21.2q21.3q22.1q22.2q22.3q23.1q23.2q23.3q31.1q31.2q31.3q32q33.1q33.2q33.3q34q35.1q35.2q35.313.8 Mb14 Mb14.2 Mb14.4 Mb14.6 Mb14.8 MbDNAH5: 13,690,328–14,011,818, reverse strandDNAH5TRIO: 14,143,342–14,510,204, forward strandTRIOOTULINL: 14,581,792–14,616,180, forward strandOTULINLOTULIN: 14,664,664–14,716,529, forward strandOTULINANKH: 14,704,800–14,871,949, reverse strandANKHDiagram of TRIO: 57 exons on the forward strand of chromosome 5Exon 3: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 5: 6 known disease-causing sitesExon 6: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 9: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 11: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 13: 3 known disease-causing sitesExon 14: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 16: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 19: 4 known disease-causing sitesExon 22: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 24: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 26: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 28: 5 known disease-causing sitesExon 29: 6 known disease-causing sitesExon 30: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 31: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 35: 3 known disease-causing sitesExon 36: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 37: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 38: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 39: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 40: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 41: 1 known disease-causing siteExon 42: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 46: 3 known disease-causing sitesExon 48: 9 known disease-causing sitesExon 1: 14,143,342–14,143,882, 541 basesExon 2: 14,270,825–14,270,899, 75 basesExon 3: 14,280,322–14,280,436, 115 basesExon 4: 14,286,871–14,287,063, 193 basesExon 5: 14,290,716–14,291,228, 513 basesExon 6: 14,293,012–14,293,134, 123 basesExon 7: 14,297,072–14,297,263, 192 basesExon 8: 14,304,461–14,304,592, 132 basesExon 9: 14,316,513–14,316,743, 231 basesExon 10: 14,330,778–14,330,900, 123 basesExon 11: 14,336,536–14,336,727, 192 basesExon 12: 14,358,178–14,358,347, 170 basesExon 13: 14,359,357–14,359,531, 175 basesExon 14: 14,363,732–14,363,927, 196 basesExon 15: 14,364,650–14,364,816, 167 basesExon 16: 14,366,860–14,366,979, 120 basesExon 17: 14,368,708–14,368,899, 192 basesExon 18: 14,369,374–14,369,523, 150 basesExon 19: 14,374,229–14,374,343, 115 basesExon 20: 14,378,012–14,378,127, 116 basesExon 21: 14,381,130–14,381,252, 123 basesExon 22: 14,387,438–14,387,632, 195 basesExon 23: 14,387,732–14,387,847, 116 basesExon 24: 14,388,613–14,388,679, 67 basesExon 25: 14,389,289–14,389,398, 110 basesExon 26: 14,390,231–14,390,300, 70 basesExon 27: 14,390,901–14,390,990, 90 basesExon 28: 14,394,038–14,394,130, 93 basesExon 29: 14,397,043–14,397,154, 112 basesExon 30: 14,398,880–14,399,070, 191 basesExon 31: 14,400,963–14,401,064, 102 basesExon 32: 14,405,848–14,405,990, 143 basesExon 33: 14,406,573–14,406,672, 100 basesExon 34: 14,419,778–14,420,021, 244 basesExon 35: 14,461,019–14,461,311, 293 basesExon 36: 14,462,755–14,462,925, 171 basesExon 37: 14,465,545–14,465,640, 96 basesExon 38: 14,471,318–14,471,466, 149 basesExon 39: 14,472,592–14,472,658, 67 basesExon 40: 14,473,994–14,474,097, 104 basesExon 41: 14,476,894–14,476,963, 70 basesExon 42: 14,479,261–14,479,350, 90 basesExon 43: 14,479,919–14,480,011, 93 basesExon 44: 14,481,234–14,481,284, 51 basesExon 45: 14,481,541–14,481,618, 78 basesExon 46: 14,482,582–14,482,773, 192 basesExon 47: 14,485,069–14,485,246, 178 basesExon 48: 14,487,464–14,488,260, 797 basesExon 49: 14,492,567–14,492,814, 248 basesExon 50: 14,496,879–14,497,017, 139 basesExon 51: 14,497,847–14,497,874, 28 basesExon 52: 14,498,089–14,498,251, 163 basesExon 53: 14,498,519–14,498,640, 122 basesExon 54: 14,502,579–14,502,657, 79 basesExon 55: 14,504,393–14,504,593, 201 basesExon 56: 14,507,122–14,507,260, 139 basesExon 57: 14,507,880–14,510,204, 2,325 bases11020304050575′3′

    Exons of the gene's MANE Select transcript (release v1.5), from NCBI and EMBL-EBI, on the GRCh38 reference genome.

    Chromosome bands from UCSC's GRCh38 ideogram (2022-10-29).

    Nearby genes from Ensembl release 116, on GRCh38.

    Exons make up 11.5 kb of the gene's 366.9 kb; 9,294 of those bases code for the protein.

    How a genome test reads TRIO

    80

    positions in TRIO where ClinVar classes a change as pathogenic or likely pathogenic

    None of them falls in a region short reads find hard.

    A whole genome covers all 366.9 kb of TRIO, introns included, not only the 11.5 kb of exons.

    Where this comes from

    • HGNC: the gene's symbol, name, other symbols and location.
    • MANE Select v1.5, from NCBI and EMBL-EBI: the transcript, its exons and coding sequence.
    • GenCC and ClinGen, released 2026-10-16: which conditions the gene is linked to, and how strongly.
    • The ACMG secondary findings list, SF v3.2.
    • ClinVar and the GIAB stratifications: known disease-causing sites, and the regions short reads find hard.
    • The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the traits linked to the gene. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.
    • Data release 2026.10.16-c6eea6bf.

    Cite this page

    APA

    Dante Labs. (n.d.). TRIO gene: trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor. Retrieved 17 October 2026, from https://dantelabs.com/genes/trio

    Vancouver

    Dante Labs. TRIO gene: trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor [Internet]. [cited 17 October 2026]. Available from: https://dantelabs.com/genes/trio

    One test. A lifetime of answers.

    From $449Free shipping · Results in 6–8 weeks

    Get my Genome Test