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Gene

THRB

thyroid hormone receptor beta

Summary

Cytogenetic location
3p24.2
Coordinates
Chromosome 3: 24,117,153–24,494,850 (GRCh38)
Exons
11 exons across 377.7 kb
Protein
461 amino acids
Also known as
THRB1, THRB2, NR1A2, THR1, ERBA-BETA, GRTH, TRbeta, TRb, c-erbA-beta, c-erbA-2, THRbeta, TRbeta1, THRbeta1, Thrbeta2
Previous symbols
ERBA2, PRTH
MANE Select transcript
ENST00000646209.2NM_001354712.2
Locus type
gene with protein product
  • Very high
  • Confident
  • Low
  • Very low

Reference genomeGRCh38

Positions on gene and variant pages follow this choice, in this browser.

Curated reports relevant to this gene

  • Hyperthyroidism

    • Overactivity of the thyroid gland resulting in overproduction of thyroid hormone and increased metabolic rate. Causes include diffuse hyperplasia of the thyroid gland (Graves' disease), single nodule in the thyroid gland, and thyroiditis. The symptoms are related to the increased metabolic rate and include weight loss, fatigue, heat intolerance, excessive sweating, diarrhea, tachycardia, insomnia, muscle weakness, and tremor.

      • 2 GenCC submitters rate it definitive or strong

  • Thyroid Cancer

    • Hyperthyroidism

      Overactivity of the thyroid gland resulting in overproduction of thyroid hormone and increased metabolic rate. Causes include diffuse hyperplasia of the thyroid gland (Graves' disease), single nodule in the thyroid gland, and thyroiditis. The symptoms are related to the increased metabolic rate and include weight loss, fatigue, heat intolerance, excessive sweating, diarrhea, tachycardia, insomnia, muscle weakness, and tremor.

      • 2 GenCC submitters rate it definitive or strong
    • Inherited Thyroid Metabolism Disease

      An inherited metabolic disease that is has its basis in the disruption of thyroid hormone metabolic process.

      • 2 GenCC submitters rate it definitive or strong
    • Thyroid Gland Disorder

      A disease involving the thyroid gland.

      • 2 GenCC submitters rate it definitive or strong

  • Thyroid Hormone Resistance, Transport & Metabolism Defects

    • Resistance to thyroid hormone beta (THRB)

      Reduced response to thyroid hormone, with raised thyroid hormone levels and normal or raised TSH; often mistaken for an overactive thyroid.

      • 2 GenCC submitters rate it definitive or strong
      What knowing changes

      Recognising it avoids unnecessary antithyroid drugs, radioiodine or thyroid surgery.

How THRB is laid out

  • Coding sequence
  • Untranslated region
  • Intron
  • Direction of transcription
  • Known disease-causing sites
  • Stretches short reads find hard
Chromosome 3, with a bracket where THRB sits. THRB and 5 genes near it on chromosome 3, from 23,739,455 to 24,872,548.Chromosome 33p24.2p26.3p26.2p26.1p25.3p25.2p25.1p24.3p24.2p24.1p23p22.3p22.2p22.1p21.33p21.32p21.31p21.2p21.1p14.3p14.2p14.1p13p12.3p12.2p12.1p11.2p11.1q11.1q11.2q12.1q12.2q12.3q13.11q13.12q13.13q13.2q13.31q13.32q13.33q21.1q21.2q21.3q22.1q22.2q22.3q23q24q25.1q25.2q25.31q25.32q25.33q26.1q26.2q26.31q26.32q26.33q27.1q27.2q27.3q28q2923.8 Mb24 Mb24.2 Mb24.4 Mb24.6 Mb24.8 MbUBE2E1: 23,805,907–23,892,208, forward strandUBE2E1NKIRAS1: 23,885,033–23,946,591, reverse strandNKIRAS1RPL15: 23,916,591–23,924,374, forward strandRPL15NR1D2: 23,945,258–23,996,741, forward strandNR1D2THRB: 24,117,153–24,494,850, reverse strandTHRBRARB: 24,687,887–25,597,932, forward strandRARBDiagram of THRB: 11 exons on the reverse strand of chromosome 3Exon 11: 20 known disease-causing sitesExon 10: 15 known disease-causing sitesExon 9: 2 known disease-causing sitesExon 8: 3 known disease-causing sitesExon 11: 24,117,153–24,123,125, 5,973 basesExon 10: 24,127,499–24,127,757, 259 basesExon 9: 24,133,316–24,133,462, 147 basesExon 8: 24,143,501–24,143,706, 206 basesExon 7: 24,146,675–24,146,822, 148 basesExon 6: 24,152,390–24,152,490, 101 basesExon 5: 24,190,074–24,190,334, 261 basesExon 4: 24,228,938–24,229,001, 64 basesExon 3: 24,297,226–24,297,371, 146 basesExon 2: 24,337,300–24,337,371, 72 basesExon 1: 24,494,652–24,494,850, 199 bases1115′3′

Exons of the gene's MANE Select transcript (release v1.5), from NCBI and EMBL-EBI, on the GRCh38 reference genome.

Chromosome bands from UCSC's GRCh38 ideogram (2022-10-29).

Nearby genes from Ensembl release 116, on GRCh38.

Exons make up 7.6 kb of the gene's 377.7 kb; 1,386 of those bases code for the protein.

How a genome test reads THRB

40

positions in THRB where ClinVar classes a change as pathogenic or likely pathogenic

None of them falls in a region short reads find hard.

A whole genome covers all 377.7 kb of THRB, introns included, not only the 7.6 kb of exons.

Where this comes from

  • HGNC: the gene's symbol, name, other symbols and location.
  • MANE Select v1.5, from NCBI and EMBL-EBI: the transcript, its exons and coding sequence.
  • GenCC and ClinGen, released 2026-10-16: which conditions the gene is linked to, and how strongly.
  • The ACMG secondary findings list, SF v3.2.
  • ClinVar and the GIAB stratifications: known disease-causing sites, and the regions short reads find hard.
  • The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the traits linked to the gene. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.
  • Data release 2026.10.16-c6eea6bf.

Cite this page

APA

Dante Labs. (n.d.). THRB gene: thyroid hormone receptor beta. Retrieved 16 October 2026, from https://dantelabs.com/genes/thrb

Vancouver

Dante Labs. THRB gene: thyroid hormone receptor beta [Internet]. [cited 16 October 2026]. Available from: https://dantelabs.com/genes/thrb

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