Traits

Traits linked to WAC

WW domain containing adaptor with coiled-coil

The Human Phenotype Ontology links 102 traits to WAC, by body system: features seen in people with one of the gene's rare conditions.

WAC

Abnormality of head or neck

Trait	How often it is seen
Abnormal facial shape	Very often (80–99%)
Full cheeks	Often (30–79%)
Short opening between the eyelids	Often (30–79%)
Square face	Often (30–79%)
Abnormality of the nostrils	Sometimes (5–29%)
Absent cupid's bow	Sometimes (5–29%)
Blockage of the rear opening of the nasal cavity	Sometimes (5–29%)
Branchial anomaly	Sometimes (5–29%)
Broad chin	Sometimes (5–29%)
Broad forehead	Sometimes (5–29%)
Broad nasal tip	Sometimes (5–29%)
Broad opening between the eyelids	Sometimes (5–29%)
Bulbous nose	Sometimes (5–29%)
Depressed nasal bridge	Sometimes (5–29%)
Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids	Sometimes (5–29%)
Eye folds	Sometimes (5–29%)
Monobrow	Sometimes (5–29%)
Prominent forehead	Sometimes (5–29%)
Short nose	Sometimes (5–29%)
Thick eyebrow	Sometimes (5–29%)
Thin red part of the upper lip	Sometimes (5–29%)
Wide mouth	Sometimes (5–29%)
Wide nasal bridge	Sometimes (5–29%)
Broad head shape	Not recorded
Coarse facial features	Not recorded
Downturned corners of mouth	Not recorded
Midface retrusion	Not recorded
Short neck	Not recorded

Abnormality of the nervous system

Trait	How often it is seen
Global developmental delay	Always
Abnormal shape of brain	Very often (80–99%)
Attention deficit	Very often (80–99%)
Behavioral abnormality	Very often (80–99%)
Delayed speech and language development	Very often (80–99%)
Intellectual disability	Very often (80–99%)
Intellectual disability, mild	Very often (80–99%)
Motor delay	Very often (80–99%)
Aggressive behavior	Often (30–79%)
Anxiety	Often (30–79%)
Difficulty sleeping	Often (30–79%)
Epilepsy	Often (30–79%)
Absent speech development	Sometimes (5–29%)
Autism spectrum disorder	Sometimes (5–29%)
Borderline personality disorder	Sometimes (5–29%)
Difficulty articulating speech	Sometimes (5–29%)
Fluid-filled sac located in membrane surrounding brain or spinal cord	Sometimes (5–29%)
Grand mal seizures	Sometimes (5–29%)
Self-injurious behavior	Sometimes (5–29%)
Simple febrile seizure	Sometimes (5–29%)
Small cerebellum	Sometimes (5–29%)
Typical absence seizure	Sometimes (5–29%)
Underdevelopment of part of brain called corpus callosum	Sometimes (5–29%)
Ventriculomegaly	Sometimes (5–29%)
Widened subarachnoid space	Sometimes (5–29%)
Agitation	Not recorded

Abnormality of the eye

Trait	How often it is seen
Visual impairment	Very often (80–99%)
Abnormality of vision	Often (30–79%)
Astigmatism	Often (30–79%)
Cross-eyed	Often (30–79%)
Abnormality of refraction	Sometimes (5–29%)
Birth defect that causes a hole in the innermost layer at the back of the eye	Sometimes (5–29%)
Close sighted	Sometimes (5–29%)
Deeply set eye	Sometimes (5–29%)
Farsightedness	Sometimes (5–29%)
Lazy eye	Sometimes (5–29%)
Visual loss	Sometimes (5–29%)
Wide-set eyes	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the cardiovascular system

Trait	How often it is seen
Abnormality of the heart	Very often (80–99%)
Aortic valve has two leaflets rather than three	Sometimes (5–29%)
Hole in heart wall separating two lower heart chambers	Sometimes (5–29%)
Narrowing of aorta	Sometimes (5–29%)
Narrowing of pulmonic valve	Sometimes (5–29%)
Patent ductus arteriosus	Sometimes (5–29%)
Ventricular hypertrophy	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of limbs

Trait	How often it is seen
Dropped arches	Sometimes (5–29%)
Pes valgus	Sometimes (5–29%)
Prominent fingertip pads	Sometimes (5–29%)
Short fingers or toes	Sometimes (5–29%)
Short palm	Sometimes (5–29%)
Single transverse palmar crease	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the digestive system

Trait	How often it is seen
Constipation	Very often (80–99%)
Feeding difficulties	Often (30–79%)
Acid reflux	Sometimes (5–29%)
Celiac disease	Sometimes (5–29%)
Nasogastric tube feeding	Sometimes (5–29%)
Poor swallowing	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the ear

Trait	How often it is seen
Ears rotated toward back of head	Sometimes (5–29%)
Hearing impairment	Sometimes (5–29%)
Prominent antihelix	Sometimes (5–29%)
Sensorineural hearing impairment	Sometimes (5–29%)
Abnormally shaped ears	Not recorded

Abnormality of the genitourinary system

Trait	How often it is seen
Dilatation of renal calices	Sometimes (5–29%)
Pelvic kidney	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the immune system

Trait	How often it is seen
Asthma	Sometimes (5–29%)
Recurrent respiratory infections	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system

Trait	How often it is seen
Low muscle tone, in neonatal onset	Often (30–79%)
Generalized decreased muscle tone	Not recorded

Abnormality of the respiratory system

Trait	How often it is seen
Abnormality of the respiratory system	Often (30–79%)
Abnormal pattern of respiration	Sometimes (5–29%)

Growth abnormality

Trait	How often it is seen
Obesity	Sometimes (5–29%)
Truncal obesity	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the breast

Trait	How often it is seen
Inverted nipples	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the integument

Trait	How often it is seen
Excessive hairiness	Sometimes (5–29%)

How often is among people with one of the gene's conditions, the most often across them, as the Human Phenotype Ontology records it. These pages describe traits and the research behind them; they are not a diagnosis, and a doctor or genetic counsellor is the person to ask about symptoms.

Where this comes from

The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the traits linked to WAC and how often each is seen. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.

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