Trait

Interictal epileptiform activity

Epileptiform activity refers to distinctive EEG waves or complexes distinguished from background activity found in in a proportion of human subjects with epilepsy, but which can also be found in subjects without seizures. Interictal epileptiform activity refers to such activity that occurs in the absence of a clinical or subclinical seizure.

HPO HP:0011182

Also called: Epileptiform EEG discharges
Body system: Abnormality of the nervous system

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55 genes linked to Interictal epileptiform activity

Changes in these genes cause rare conditions in which Interictal epileptiform activity is seen. Most people with this trait have none of those conditions, and a gene on this list says nothing about anyone's own genome.

Gene	How often it is seen	Conditions
ABCC8ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 8	Always	In 1 condition
CAMK2Acalcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II alpha	Always	In 1 condition
CNKSR2connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 2	Always	In 1 condition
DNM1Ldynamin 1L	Always	In 1 condition
GLI2GLI family zinc finger 2	Always	In 1 condition
GOSR2golgi SNAP receptor complex member 2	Always	In 1 condition
GRIA1glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1	Always	In 1 condition
GRIA3glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 3	Always	In 1 condition
INPP4Ainositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type I A	Always	In 1 condition
KCNT1potassium sodium-activated channel subfamily T member 1	Always	In 2 conditions
MED16mediator complex subunit 16	Always	In 1 condition
NECAP1NECAP endocytosis associated 1	Always	In 1 condition
SLC9A6solute carrier family 9 member A6	Always	In 1 condition
TCP1t-complex 1	Always	In 1 condition
GRIN2Aglutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A	Very often (80–99%)	In 1 condition
GRM7glutamate metabotropic receptor 7	Very often (80–99%)	In 1 condition
NSRP1nuclear speckle splicing regulatory protein 1	Very often (80–99%)	In 1 condition
SLC12A6solute carrier family 12 member 6	Very often (80–99%)	In 1 condition
ADARB1adenosine deaminase RNA specific B1	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
BCKDKbranched chain keto acid dehydrogenase kinase	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
CNTN2contactin 2	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
CNTNAP2contactin associated protein 2	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
CSTBcystatin B	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
GABRA1gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha1	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
GABRG2gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma2	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
LGI1leucine rich glioma inactivated 1	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
MAP1Bmicrotubule associated protein 1B	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
MICAL1microtubule associated monooxygenase, calponin and LIM domain containing 1	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
NBEAneurobeachin	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
PCDH19protocadherin 19	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
RELNreelin	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
SCN1Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1	Often (30–79%)	In 2 conditions
SCN1Bsodium voltage-gated channel beta subunit 1	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
SCN2Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2	Often (30–79%)	In 2 conditions
SCN9Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
VARS1valyl-tRNA synthetase 1	Often (30–79%)	In 1 condition
AP2M1adaptor related protein complex 2 subunit mu 1	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
CABP4calcium binding protein 4	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
CHD2chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 2	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
CHRNA2cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 2 subunit	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition

Show 15 more genes

Gene	How often it is seen	Conditions
CHRNA4cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
CHRNB2cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 2 subunit	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
CRHcorticotropin releasing hormone	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
DEPDC5DEP domain containing 5, GATOR1 subcomplex subunit	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
LRRC7leucine rich repeat containing 7	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
NEXMIFneurite extension and migration factor	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
SLC2A1solute carrier family 2 member 1	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
SLC6A1solute carrier family 6 member 1	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
STRADASTE20 related adaptor alpha	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
SYNGAP1synaptic Ras GTPase activating protein 1	Sometimes (5–29%)	In 1 condition
KCNQ2potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 2	Rarely (1–4%)	In 1 condition
KCNQ3potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 3	Rarely (1–4%)	In 1 condition
PRRT2proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Rarely (1–4%)	In 1 condition
SCN8Asodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 8	Rarely (1–4%)	In 1 condition
TUBGCP2tubulin gamma complex component 2	Not recorded	In 1 condition

How often is among people with one of the gene's conditions, the most often across them, as the Human Phenotype Ontology records it. These pages describe traits and the research behind them; they are not a diagnosis, and a doctor or genetic counsellor is the person to ask about symptoms.

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Broader traits

Interictal EEG abnormality

Where this comes from

The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the trait, its names, its definition and the genes linked to it. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.
Data release 2026.10.16-c6eea6bf.

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