{
  "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/interictal-epileptiform-activity",
  "trait": {
    "bundleId": "2026.10.19-9814e911",
    "release": "2026-09-01",
    "slug": "interictal-epileptiform-activity",
    "id": "HP:0011182",
    "name": "Interictal epileptiform activity",
    "definition": "Epileptiform activity refers to distinctive EEG waves or complexes distinguished from background activity found in in a proportion of human subjects with epilepsy, but which can also be found in subjects without seizures. Interictal epileptiform activity refers to such activity that occurs in the absence of a clinical or subclinical seizure.",
    "synonyms": [
      "Epileptiform EEG discharges"
    ],
    "systems": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-the-nervous-system",
        "name": "Abnormality of the nervous system",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-the-nervous-system"
      }
    ],
    "broader": [
      {
        "slug": "interictal-eeg-abnormality",
        "name": "Interictal EEG abnormality",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/interictal-eeg-abnormality"
      }
    ],
    "narrower": [
      {
        "slug": "eeg-with-generalized-epileptiform-discharges",
        "name": "EEG with generalized epileptiform discharges",
        "genes": 23,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/eeg-with-generalized-epileptiform-discharges"
      },
      {
        "slug": "eeg-with-focal-epileptiform-discharges",
        "name": "EEG with focal epileptiform discharges",
        "genes": 20,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/eeg-with-focal-epileptiform-discharges"
      }
    ],
    "genes": [
      {
        "slug": "abcc8",
        "symbol": "ABCC8",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:59",
        "name": "ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 8",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/abcc8"
      },
      {
        "slug": "camk2a",
        "symbol": "CAMK2A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1460",
        "name": "calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II alpha",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/camk2a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cnksr2",
        "symbol": "CNKSR2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:19701",
        "name": "connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 2",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cnksr2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dnm1l",
        "symbol": "DNM1L",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2973",
        "name": "dynamin 1L",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dnm1l"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gli2",
        "symbol": "GLI2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4318",
        "name": "GLI family zinc finger 2",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gli2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gosr2",
        "symbol": "GOSR2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4431",
        "name": "golgi SNAP receptor complex member 2",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gosr2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gria1",
        "symbol": "GRIA1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4571",
        "name": "glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gria1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gria3",
        "symbol": "GRIA3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4573",
        "name": "glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 3",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gria3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "inpp4a",
        "symbol": "INPP4A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6074",
        "name": "inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type I A",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/inpp4a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "kcnt1",
        "symbol": "KCNT1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:18865",
        "name": "potassium sodium-activated channel subfamily T member 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/kcnt1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "med16",
        "symbol": "MED16",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:17556",
        "name": "mediator complex subunit 16",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/med16"
      },
      {
        "slug": "necap1",
        "symbol": "NECAP1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:24539",
        "name": "NECAP endocytosis associated 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/necap1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "slc9a6",
        "symbol": "SLC9A6",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11079",
        "name": "solute carrier family 9 member A6",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/slc9a6"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tcp1",
        "symbol": "TCP1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11655",
        "name": "t-complex 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tcp1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "grin2a",
        "symbol": "GRIN2A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4585",
        "name": "glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/grin2a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "grm7",
        "symbol": "GRM7",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4599",
        "name": "glutamate metabotropic receptor 7",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/grm7"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nsrp1",
        "symbol": "NSRP1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:25305",
        "name": "nuclear speckle splicing regulatory protein 1",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nsrp1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "slc12a6",
        "symbol": "SLC12A6",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10914",
        "name": "solute carrier family 12 member 6",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/slc12a6"
      },
      {
        "slug": "adarb1",
        "symbol": "ADARB1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:226",
        "name": "adenosine deaminase RNA specific B1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/adarb1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "bckdk",
        "symbol": "BCKDK",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:16902",
        "name": "branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase kinase",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/bckdk"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cntn2",
        "symbol": "CNTN2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2172",
        "name": "contactin 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cntn2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cntnap2",
        "symbol": "CNTNAP2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:13830",
        "name": "contactin associated protein 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cntnap2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cstb",
        "symbol": "CSTB",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2482",
        "name": "cystatin B",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cstb"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gabra1",
        "symbol": "GABRA1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4075",
        "name": "gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gabra1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gabrg2",
        "symbol": "GABRG2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4087",
        "name": "gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gabrg2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "lgi1",
        "symbol": "LGI1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6572",
        "name": "leucine rich glioma inactivated 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/lgi1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "map1b",
        "symbol": "MAP1B",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6836",
        "name": "microtubule associated protein 1B",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/map1b"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mical1",
        "symbol": "MICAL1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:20619",
        "name": "microtubule associated monooxygenase, calponin and LIM domain containing 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mical1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nbea",
        "symbol": "NBEA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7648",
        "name": "neurobeachin",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nbea"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pcdh19",
        "symbol": "PCDH19",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:14270",
        "name": "protocadherin 19",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pcdh19"
      },
      {
        "slug": "reln",
        "symbol": "RELN",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9957",
        "name": "reelin",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/reln"
      },
      {
        "slug": "scn1a",
        "symbol": "SCN1A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10585",
        "name": "sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/scn1a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "scn1b",
        "symbol": "SCN1B",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10586",
        "name": "sodium voltage-gated channel beta subunit 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/scn1b"
      },
      {
        "slug": "scn2a",
        "symbol": "SCN2A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10588",
        "name": "sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/scn2a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "scn9a",
        "symbol": "SCN9A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10597",
        "name": "sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/scn9a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "vars1",
        "symbol": "VARS1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:12651",
        "name": "valyl-tRNA synthetase 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/vars1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ap2m1",
        "symbol": "AP2M1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:564",
        "name": "adaptor related protein complex 2 subunit mu 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ap2m1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cabp4",
        "symbol": "CABP4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1386",
        "name": "calcium binding protein 4",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cabp4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "chd2",
        "symbol": "CHD2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1917",
        "name": "chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 2",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/chd2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "chrna2",
        "symbol": "CHRNA2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1956",
        "name": "cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 2 subunit",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/chrna2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "chrna4",
        "symbol": "CHRNA4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1958",
        "name": "cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/chrna4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "chrnb2",
        "symbol": "CHRNB2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1962",
        "name": "cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 2 subunit",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/chrnb2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "crh",
        "symbol": "CRH",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2355",
        "name": "corticotropin releasing hormone",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/crh"
      },
      {
        "slug": "depdc5",
        "symbol": "DEPDC5",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:18423",
        "name": "DEP domain containing 5, GATOR1 subcomplex subunit",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/depdc5"
      },
      {
        "slug": "lrrc7",
        "symbol": "LRRC7",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:18531",
        "name": "leucine rich repeat containing 7",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/lrrc7"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nexmif",
        "symbol": "NEXMIF",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:29433",
        "name": "neurite extension and migration factor",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nexmif"
      },
      {
        "slug": "slc2a1",
        "symbol": "SLC2A1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11005",
        "name": "solute carrier family 2 member 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/slc2a1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "slc6a1",
        "symbol": "SLC6A1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11042",
        "name": "solute carrier family 6 member 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/slc6a1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "strada",
        "symbol": "STRADA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:30172",
        "name": "STE20 related adaptor alpha",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/strada"
      },
      {
        "slug": "syngap1",
        "symbol": "SYNGAP1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11497",
        "name": "synaptic Ras GTPase activating protein 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/syngap1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "kcnq2",
        "symbol": "KCNQ2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6296",
        "name": "potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 2",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/kcnq2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "kcnq3",
        "symbol": "KCNQ3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6297",
        "name": "potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 3",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/kcnq3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "prrt2",
        "symbol": "PRRT2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:30500",
        "name": "proline rich transmembrane protein 2",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/prrt2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "scn8a",
        "symbol": "SCN8A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10596",
        "name": "sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 8",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/scn8a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tubgcp2",
        "symbol": "TUBGCP2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:18599",
        "name": "tubulin gamma complex component 2",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tubgcp2"
      }
    ]
  }
}