Traits

Traits linked to NRCAM

neuronal cell adhesion molecule

The Human Phenotype Ontology links 58 traits to NRCAM, by body system: features seen in people with one of the gene's rare conditions.

Abnormality of head or neck

Trait	How often it is seen
Abnormally small head	Often (30–79%)
Little lower jaw	Often (30–79%)
Asymmetry of the posterior head	Sometimes (5–29%)
Coarse facial features	Sometimes (5–29%)
Deep philtrum	Sometimes (5–29%)
Depressed nasal bridge	Sometimes (5–29%)
Exaggerated cupid's bow	Sometimes (5–29%)
Fullness around the eyes	Sometimes (5–29%)
High palate	Sometimes (5–29%)
Long eyelashes	Sometimes (5–29%)
Long face	Sometimes (5–29%)
Medial flaring of the eyebrow	Sometimes (5–29%)
Narrow forehead	Sometimes (5–29%)
Short chin	Sometimes (5–29%)
Short nose	Sometimes (5–29%)
Tented mouth	Sometimes (5–29%)
Thick eyebrow	Sometimes (5–29%)
Upward slanting of the opening between the eyelids	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the nervous system

Trait	How often it is seen
Cerebral palsy	Often (30–79%)
Global developmental delay	Often (30–79%)
Intellectual disability	Often (30–79%)
Irritability	Often (30–79%)
Motor delay	Often (30–79%)
Self-injurious behavior	Often (30–79%)
Aggressive behavior	Sometimes (5–29%)
Ataxia	Sometimes (5–29%)
Colpocephaly	Sometimes (5–29%)
Delayed CNS myelination	Sometimes (5–29%)
Demyelinating peripheral neuropathy	Sometimes (5–29%)
Fluid-filled sac located in membrane surrounding brain or spinal cord	Sometimes (5–29%)
Jaw hyperreflexia	Sometimes (5–29%)
Periventricular heterotopia	Sometimes (5–29%)
Periventricular leukomalacia	Sometimes (5–29%)
Thin corpus callosum	Sometimes (5–29%)
Too much cerebrospinal fluid in the brain	Sometimes (5–29%)
Ventriculomegaly	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the eye

Trait	How often it is seen
Clouding of the lens of the eye	Sometimes (5–29%)
Cross-eyed	Sometimes (5–29%)
Optic atrophy	Sometimes (5–29%)
Retinal detachment	Sometimes (5–29%)
Wide-set eyes	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of limbs

Trait	How often it is seen
High-arched foot	Often (30–79%)
Acetabular dysplasia	Sometimes (5–29%)
Coxa valga	Sometimes (5–29%)
Hammertoe	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system

Trait	How often it is seen
Abnormal formation of the hip	Often (30–79%)
Low muscle tone	Often (30–79%)
Scoliosis	Often (30–79%)
Distal arthrogryposis	Sometimes (5–29%)

Growth abnormality

Trait	How often it is seen
Faltering weight	Sometimes (5–29%)
Prenatal growth deficiency	Sometimes (5–29%)
Short stature	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the digestive system

Trait	How often it is seen
Acid reflux	Sometimes (5–29%)
Gastrostomy tube feeding in infancy	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the ear

Trait	How often it is seen
Ears rotated toward back of head	Sometimes (5–29%)
Hearing impairment	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of prenatal development or birth

Trait	How often it is seen
High levels of amniotic fluid	Sometimes (5–29%)

Abnormality of the respiratory system

Trait	How often it is seen
Softening of voice box tissue	Sometimes (5–29%)

How often is among people with one of the gene's conditions, the most often across them, as the Human Phenotype Ontology records it. These pages describe traits and the research behind them; they are not a diagnosis, and a doctor or genetic counsellor is the person to ask about symptoms.

Where this comes from

The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the traits linked to NRCAM and how often each is seen. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.

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