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Trait

Holes in parietal bones

Clinical name: Parietal foramina

The presence of symmetrical and circular openings (foramina) in the parietal bone ranging in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters wide.

HPO HP:0002697

Summary

Also called
Openings in parietal bones, Persistent foramina of the parietal bones, Symmetrical, oval defects in the parietal bone, Symmetrical, oval parietal bone defects
Body system
Abnormality of head or neckAbnormality of the musculoskeletal system

14 genes linked to Holes in parietal bones

Changes in these genes cause rare conditions in which Holes in parietal bones is seen. Most people with this trait have none of those conditions, and a gene on this list says nothing about anyone's own genome.

GeneHow often it is seenConditions
ALX4ALX homeobox 4AlwaysIn 4 conditions
MSX2msh homeobox 2AlwaysIn 3 conditions
RNU12RNA, U12 small nuclearAlwaysIn 2 conditions
EXT2exostosin glycosyltransferase 2Often (30–79%)In 1 condition
PHF21APHD finger protein 21AOften (30–79%)In 1 condition
ZSWIM6zinc finger SWIM-type containing 6Often (30–79%)In 1 condition
FGFR2fibroblast growth factor receptor 2Sometimes (5–29%)In 2 conditions
FGFR3fibroblast growth factor receptor 3Sometimes (5–29%)In 1 condition
PPM1Dprotein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent 1DSometimes (5–29%)In 1 condition
TWIST1twist family bHLH transcription factor 1Sometimes (5–29%)In 2 conditions
ZIC1Zic family zinc finger 1Sometimes (5–29%)In 1 condition
CREBBPCREB binding lysine acetyltransferaseNot recordedIn 1 condition
EP300EP300 lysine acetyltransferaseNot recordedIn 1 condition
RPS19ribosomal protein S19Not recordedIn 1 condition

How often is among people with one of the gene's conditions, the most often across them, as the Human Phenotype Ontology records it. These pages describe traits and the research behind them; they are not a diagnosis, and a doctor or genetic counsellor is the person to ask about symptoms.

Broader traits

Abnormal parietal bone morphology

Where this comes from

  • The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the trait, its names, its definition and the genes linked to it. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.
  • Data release 2026.10.16-c6eea6bf.

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