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Trait

Dermoid cyst

A congenital subcutaneous cyst that arises from entrapment of skin along the lines of embryonic fusion. In contrast to epidermal cysts, dermoid cysts tend to contain various adnexal structures such as hair, sebaceous, eccrine or apocrine glands. Dermoid cysts are present at birth, and are indolent, firm, deep, subcutaneous nodules. They are often located on the head and neck, and rarely in the anogenital area. Dermoid cysts are slowly progressive and can grow to a size of 1 to 4 cm.

HPO HP:0025247

Summary

Body system
Abnormality of the integument

7 genes linked to Dermoid cyst

Changes in these genes cause rare conditions in which Dermoid cyst is seen. Most people with this trait have none of those conditions, and a gene on this list says nothing about anyone's own genome.

GeneHow often it is seenConditions
ALX3ALX homeobox 3Often (30–79%)In 1 condition
MNX1motor neuron and pancreas homeobox 1Sometimes (5–29%)In 1 condition
SYT1synaptotagmin 1Sometimes (5–29%)In 1 condition
ZSWIM6zinc finger SWIM-type containing 6Rarely (1–4%)In 1 condition
MSX2msh homeobox 2Not recordedIn 1 condition
TFAP2Atranscription factor AP-2 alphaNot recordedIn 1 condition
VANGL1VANGL planar cell polarity protein 1Not recordedIn 1 condition

How often is among people with one of the gene's conditions, the most often across them, as the Human Phenotype Ontology records it. These pages describe traits and the research behind them; they are not a diagnosis, and a doctor or genetic counsellor is the person to ask about symptoms.

Broader traits

Skin cyst

Where this comes from

  • The Human Phenotype Ontology, release 2026-09-01: the trait, its names, its definition and the genes linked to it. Find out more at hpo.jax.org.
  • Data release 2026.10.17-8666dff2.

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