{
  "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/keratoconjunctivitis-sicca",
  "trait": {
    "bundleId": "2026.10.17-8666dff2",
    "release": "2026-09-01",
    "slug": "keratoconjunctivitis-sicca",
    "id": "HP:0001097",
    "name": "Dry eye syndrome",
    "label": "Keratoconjunctivitis sicca",
    "definition": "Dryness of the eye related to deficiency of the tear film components (aqueous, mucin, or lipid), lid surface abnormalities, or epithelial abnormalities. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca often results in a scratchy or sandy sensation (foreign body sensation) in the eyes, and may also be associated with itching, inability to produce tears, photosensitivity, redness, pain, and difficulty in moving the eyelids.",
    "synonyms": [
      "Dry eyes",
      "Keratitis sicca",
      "Xerophthalmia"
    ],
    "systems": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-head-or-neck",
        "name": "Abnormality of head or neck",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-head-or-neck"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-the-cardiovascular-system",
        "name": "Abnormality of the cardiovascular system",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-the-cardiovascular-system"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-the-eye",
        "name": "Abnormality of the eye",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-the-eye"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-the-immune-system",
        "name": "Abnormality of the immune system",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-the-immune-system"
      }
    ],
    "broader": [
      {
        "slug": "keratoconjunctivitis",
        "name": "Keratoconjunctivitis",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/keratoconjunctivitis"
      }
    ],
    "narrower": [],
    "genes": [
      {
        "slug": "fbn1",
        "symbol": "FBN1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3603",
        "name": "fibrillin 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/fbn1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gjb2",
        "symbol": "GJB2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4284",
        "name": "gap junction protein beta 2",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gjb2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "lyz",
        "symbol": "LYZ",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6740",
        "name": "lysozyme",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/lyz"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ptcra",
        "symbol": "PTCRA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:21290",
        "name": "pre T cell antigen receptor alpha",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ptcra"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gsn",
        "symbol": "GSN",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4620",
        "name": "gelsolin",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gsn"
      },
      {
        "slug": "atp2a2",
        "symbol": "ATP2A2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:812",
        "name": "ATPase sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transporting 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/atp2a2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "fgf10",
        "symbol": "FGF10",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3666",
        "name": "fibroblast growth factor 10",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/fgf10"
      },
      {
        "slug": "fgfr2",
        "symbol": "FGFR2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3689",
        "name": "fibroblast growth factor receptor 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/fgfr2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "fgfr3",
        "symbol": "FGFR3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3690",
        "name": "fibroblast growth factor receptor 3",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/fgfr3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "foxc1",
        "symbol": "FOXC1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3800",
        "name": "forkhead box C1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/foxc1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gjb6",
        "symbol": "GJB6",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4288",
        "name": "gap junction protein beta 6",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gjb6"
      },
      {
        "slug": "lbr",
        "symbol": "LBR",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6518",
        "name": "lamin B receptor",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/lbr"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mab21l1",
        "symbol": "MAB21L1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6757",
        "name": "mab-21 like 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mab21l1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nlrp1",
        "symbol": "NLRP1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:14374",
        "name": "NLR family pyrin domain containing 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nlrp1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nod2",
        "symbol": "NOD2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:5331",
        "name": "nucleotide binding oligomerization domain containing 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nod2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pax6",
        "symbol": "PAX6",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8620",
        "name": "paired box 6",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pax6"
      },
      {
        "slug": "recql",
        "symbol": "RECQL",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9948",
        "name": "RecQ like helicase",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/recql"
      },
      {
        "slug": "trim44",
        "symbol": "TRIM44",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:19016",
        "name": "TRIM family member 44",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/trim44"
      },
      {
        "slug": "aaas",
        "symbol": "AAAS",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:13666",
        "name": "aladin WD repeat nucleoporin",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/aaas"
      },
      {
        "slug": "aars1",
        "symbol": "AARS1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:20",
        "name": "alanyl-tRNA synthetase 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/aars1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "aebp1",
        "symbol": "AEBP1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:303",
        "name": "AE binding protein 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/aebp1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "btnl2",
        "symbol": "BTNL2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1142",
        "name": "butyrophilin like 2",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/btnl2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "c4a",
        "symbol": "C4A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1323",
        "name": "complement C4A (Chido/Rodgers blood group)",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/c4a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cars1",
        "symbol": "CARS1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1493",
        "name": "cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cars1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ccr1",
        "symbol": "CCR1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1602",
        "name": "C-C motif chemokine receptor 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ccr1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "col17a1",
        "symbol": "COL17A1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2194",
        "name": "collagen type XVII alpha 1 chain",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/col17a1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dbr1",
        "symbol": "DBR1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:15594",
        "name": "debranching RNA lariats 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dbr1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "erap1",
        "symbol": "ERAP1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:18173",
        "name": "endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/erap1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ercc2",
        "symbol": "ERCC2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3434",
        "name": "ERCC excision repair 2, TFIIH core complex helicase subunit",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 3,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ercc2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ercc3",
        "symbol": "ERCC3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3435",
        "name": "ERCC excision repair 3, TFIIH core complex helicase subunit",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ercc3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "fas",
        "symbol": "FAS",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11920",
        "name": "Fas cell surface death receptor",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/fas"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gmppa",
        "symbol": "GMPPA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:22923",
        "name": "GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase A",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gmppa"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gtf2e2",
        "symbol": "GTF2E2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4651",
        "name": "general transcription factor IIE subunit 2",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gtf2e2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gtf2h5",
        "symbol": "GTF2H5",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:21157",
        "name": "general transcription factor IIH subunit 5",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gtf2h5"
      },
      {
        "slug": "hla-b",
        "symbol": "HLA-B",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4932",
        "name": "major histocompatibility complex, class I, B",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/hla-b"
      },
      {
        "slug": "hla-drb1",
        "symbol": "HLA-DRB1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4948",
        "name": "major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/hla-drb1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "hpd",
        "symbol": "HPD",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:5147",
        "name": "4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/hpd"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ifngr1",
        "symbol": "IFNGR1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:5439",
        "name": "interferon gamma receptor 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ifngr1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "il10",
        "symbol": "IL10",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:5962",
        "name": "interleukin 10",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/il10"
      },
      {
        "slug": "il12a",
        "symbol": "IL12A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:5969",
        "name": "interleukin 12A",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/il12a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "il12a-as1",
        "symbol": "IL12A-AS1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:49094",
        "name": "IL12A antisense RNA 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/il12a-as1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "il23r",
        "symbol": "IL23R",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:19100",
        "name": "interleukin 23 receptor",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/il23r"
      },
      {
        "slug": "klrc4",
        "symbol": "KLRC4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6377",
        "name": "killer cell lectin like receptor C4",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/klrc4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mefv",
        "symbol": "MEFV",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6998",
        "name": "MEFV innate immunity regulator, pyrin",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mefv"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mplkip",
        "symbol": "MPLKIP",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:16002",
        "name": "M-phase specific PLK1 interacting protein",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mplkip"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rnf113a",
        "symbol": "RNF113A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:12974",
        "name": "ring finger protein 113A",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rnf113a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rnf125",
        "symbol": "RNF125",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:21150",
        "name": "ring finger protein 125",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rnf125"
      },
      {
        "slug": "srebf1",
        "symbol": "SREBF1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11289",
        "name": "sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/srebf1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "stat4",
        "symbol": "STAT4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11365",
        "name": "signal transducer and activator of transcription 4",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/stat4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tars1",
        "symbol": "TARS1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11572",
        "name": "threonyl-tRNA synthetase 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tars1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tlr4",
        "symbol": "TLR4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11850",
        "name": "toll like receptor 4",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tlr4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "trappc11",
        "symbol": "TRAPPC11",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:25751",
        "name": "trafficking protein particle complex subunit 11",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/trappc11"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ubac2",
        "symbol": "UBAC2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:20486",
        "name": "UBA domain containing 2",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ubac2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "zfx",
        "symbol": "ZFX",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:12869",
        "name": "zinc finger protein X-linked",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/zfx"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ercc6",
        "symbol": "ERCC6",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3438",
        "name": "ERCC excision repair 6, chromatin remodeling factor",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ercc6"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ercc8",
        "symbol": "ERCC8",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3439",
        "name": "ERCC excision repair 8, CSA ubiquitin ligase complex subunit",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ercc8"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mttp",
        "symbol": "MTTP",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7467",
        "name": "microsomal triglyceride transfer protein",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mttp"
      },
      {
        "slug": "iars2",
        "symbol": "IARS2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:29685",
        "name": "isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/iars2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "scn9a",
        "symbol": "SCN9A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10597",
        "name": "sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/scn9a"
      }
    ]
  }
}