{
  "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/diplopia",
  "trait": {
    "bundleId": "2026.10.17-8666dff2",
    "release": "2026-09-01",
    "slug": "diplopia",
    "id": "HP:0000651",
    "name": "Double vision",
    "label": "Diplopia",
    "definition": "Diplopia is a condition in which a single object is perceived as two images, it is also known as double vision.",
    "synonyms": [],
    "systems": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-the-eye",
        "name": "Abnormality of the eye",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-the-eye"
      }
    ],
    "broader": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-binocular-vision",
        "name": "Abnormality of binocular vision",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-binocular-vision"
      }
    ],
    "narrower": [],
    "genes": [
      {
        "slug": "abcb1",
        "symbol": "ABCB1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:40",
        "name": "ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/abcb1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "polg",
        "symbol": "POLG",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9179",
        "name": "DNA polymerase gamma, catalytic subunit",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 3,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/polg"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rab3a",
        "symbol": "RAB3A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9777",
        "name": "RAB3A, member RAS oncogene family",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rab3a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rfc4",
        "symbol": "RFC4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9972",
        "name": "replication factor C subunit 4",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rfc4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "sdha",
        "symbol": "SDHA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10680",
        "name": "succinate dehydrogenase complex flavoprotein subunit A",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/sdha"
      },
      {
        "slug": "top3a",
        "symbol": "TOP3A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11992",
        "name": "DNA topoisomerase III alpha",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/top3a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tymp",
        "symbol": "TYMP",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3148",
        "name": "thymidine phosphorylase",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tymp"
      },
      {
        "slug": "myo5a",
        "symbol": "MYO5A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7602",
        "name": "myosin VA",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/myo5a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "atp1a2",
        "symbol": "ATP1A2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:800",
        "name": "ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/atp1a2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "atxn3",
        "symbol": "ATXN3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7106",
        "name": "ataxin 3",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 4,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/atxn3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cacna1a",
        "symbol": "CACNA1A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1388",
        "name": "calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 A",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 4,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cacna1a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dnajc13",
        "symbol": "DNAJC13",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:30343",
        "name": "DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C13",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dnajc13"
      },
      {
        "slug": "eif4g1",
        "symbol": "EIF4G1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3296",
        "name": "eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/eif4g1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ercc2",
        "symbol": "ERCC2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3434",
        "name": "ERCC excision repair 2, TFIIH core complex helicase subunit",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ercc2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ercc3",
        "symbol": "ERCC3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3435",
        "name": "ERCC excision repair 3, TFIIH core complex helicase subunit",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ercc3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ercc4",
        "symbol": "ERCC4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3436",
        "name": "ERCC excision repair 4, endonuclease catalytic subunit",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ercc4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ercc5",
        "symbol": "ERCC5",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3437",
        "name": "ERCC excision repair 5, endonuclease",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ercc5"
      },
      {
        "slug": "fgf14",
        "symbol": "FGF14",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3671",
        "name": "fibroblast growth factor 14",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/fgf14"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gba1",
        "symbol": "GBA1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4177",
        "name": "glucosylceramidase beta 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gba1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gigyf2",
        "symbol": "GIGYF2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11960",
        "name": "GRB10 interacting GYF protein 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gigyf2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "kcna1",
        "symbol": "KCNA1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6218",
        "name": "potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/kcna1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "lrrk2",
        "symbol": "LRRK2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:18618",
        "name": "leucine rich repeat kinase 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/lrrk2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "prrt2",
        "symbol": "PRRT2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:30500",
        "name": "proline rich transmembrane protein 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/prrt2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rilpl1",
        "symbol": "RILPL1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:26814",
        "name": "Rab interacting lysosomal protein like 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rilpl1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rtn2",
        "symbol": "RTN2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10468",
        "name": "reticulon 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rtn2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "samd9l",
        "symbol": "SAMD9L",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1349",
        "name": "sterile alpha motif domain containing 9 like",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/samd9l"
      },
      {
        "slug": "scn1a",
        "symbol": "SCN1A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10585",
        "name": "sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/scn1a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "slc2a1",
        "symbol": "SLC2A1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11005",
        "name": "solute carrier family 2 member 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/slc2a1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "snca",
        "symbol": "SNCA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11138",
        "name": "synuclein alpha",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/snca"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tpp1",
        "symbol": "TPP1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2073",
        "name": "tripeptidyl peptidase 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tpp1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "vps35",
        "symbol": "VPS35",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:13487",
        "name": "VPS35 retromer complex component",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/vps35"
      },
      {
        "slug": "adprs",
        "symbol": "ADPRS",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:21304",
        "name": "ADP-ribosylserine hydrolase",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/adprs"
      },
      {
        "slug": "aip",
        "symbol": "AIP",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:358",
        "name": "AHR interacting HSP90 co-chaperone",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/aip"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ano10",
        "symbol": "ANO10",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:25519",
        "name": "anoctamin 10",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ano10"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cacna1g",
        "symbol": "CACNA1G",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1394",
        "name": "calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 G",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cacna1g"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cdh23",
        "symbol": "CDH23",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:13733",
        "name": "cadherin related 23",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cdh23"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dkk1",
        "symbol": "DKK1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2891",
        "name": "dickkopf Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dkk1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "hla-b",
        "symbol": "HLA-B",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4932",
        "name": "major histocompatibility complex, class I, B",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/hla-b"
      },
      {
        "slug": "hla-drb1",
        "symbol": "HLA-DRB1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4948",
        "name": "major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/hla-drb1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "kcnd3",
        "symbol": "KCND3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6239",
        "name": "potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 3",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/kcnd3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "men1",
        "symbol": "MEN1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7010",
        "name": "menin 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/men1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nf2",
        "symbol": "NF2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7773",
        "name": "NF2, moesin-ezrin-radixin like (MERLIN) tumor suppressor",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nf2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nfkb2",
        "symbol": "NFKB2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7795",
        "name": "nuclear factor kappa B subunit 2",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nfkb2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nptx1",
        "symbol": "NPTX1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7952",
        "name": "neuronal pentraxin 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nptx1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "p4ha2",
        "symbol": "P4HA2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8547",
        "name": "prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 2",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/p4ha2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "prnp",
        "symbol": "PRNP",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9449",
        "name": "prion protein (Kanno blood group)",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/prnp"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ptpn22",
        "symbol": "PTPN22",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9652",
        "name": "protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ptpn22"
      },
      {
        "slug": "scn4a",
        "symbol": "SCN4A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10591",
        "name": "sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 4",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/scn4a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "sh3tc2",
        "symbol": "SH3TC2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:29427",
        "name": "SH3 domain and tetratricopeptide repeats 2",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/sh3tc2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "slc1a3",
        "symbol": "SLC1A3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10941",
        "name": "solute carrier family 1 member 3",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/slc1a3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "sptbn2",
        "symbol": "SPTBN2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11276",
        "name": "spectrin beta, non-erythrocytic 2",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/sptbn2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tmem240",
        "symbol": "TMEM240",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:25186",
        "name": "transmembrane protein 240",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tmem240"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ttc19",
        "symbol": "TTC19",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:26006",
        "name": "tetratricopeptide repeat domain 19",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ttc19"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ttr",
        "symbol": "TTR",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:12405",
        "name": "transthyretin",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ttr"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dars2",
        "symbol": "DARS2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:25538",
        "name": "aspartyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dars2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dnajc6",
        "symbol": "DNAJC6",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:15469",
        "name": "DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C6",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dnajc6"
      },
      {
        "slug": "grk1",
        "symbol": "GRK1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10013",
        "name": "G protein-coupled receptor kinase 1",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/grk1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "htra2",
        "symbol": "HTRA2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:14348",
        "name": "HtrA serine peptidase 2",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/htra2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nab2",
        "symbol": "NAB2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7627",
        "name": "NGFI-A binding protein 2",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nab2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nop56",
        "symbol": "NOP56",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:15911",
        "name": "NOP56 ribonucleoprotein",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nop56"
      },
      {
        "slug": "park7",
        "symbol": "PARK7",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:16369",
        "name": "Parkinsonism associated deglycase",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/park7"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pink1",
        "symbol": "PINK1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:14581",
        "name": "PTEN induced kinase 1",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pink1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "podxl",
        "symbol": "PODXL",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9171",
        "name": "podocalyxin like",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/podxl"
      },
      {
        "slug": "prkn",
        "symbol": "PRKN",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8607",
        "name": "parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/prkn"
      },
      {
        "slug": "sag",
        "symbol": "SAG",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10521",
        "name": "S-antigen visual arrestin",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/sag"
      },
      {
        "slug": "stat6",
        "symbol": "STAT6",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11368",
        "name": "signal transducer and activator of transcription 6",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/stat6"
      },
      {
        "slug": "synj1",
        "symbol": "SYNJ1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11503",
        "name": "synaptojanin 1",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/synj1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "uchl1",
        "symbol": "UCHL1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:12513",
        "name": "ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/uchl1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "vps13c",
        "symbol": "VPS13C",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:23594",
        "name": "vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog C",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/vps13c"
      },
      {
        "slug": "hla-dqb1",
        "symbol": "HLA-DQB1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4944",
        "name": "major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/hla-dqb1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mapt",
        "symbol": "MAPT",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6893",
        "name": "microtubule associated protein tau",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mapt"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mgme1",
        "symbol": "MGME1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:16205",
        "name": "mitochondrial genome maintenance exonuclease 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mgme1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mt-tl1",
        "symbol": "MT-TL1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7490",
        "name": "mitochondrially encoded tRNA-Leu (UUA/G) 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mt-tl1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mt-tl2",
        "symbol": "MT-TL2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7491",
        "name": "mitochondrially encoded tRNA-Leu (CUN) 2",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mt-tl2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mt-tn",
        "symbol": "MT-TN",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7493",
        "name": "mitochondrially encoded tRNA-Asn (AAU/C)",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mt-tn"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mt-ts1",
        "symbol": "MT-TS1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7497",
        "name": "mitochondrially encoded tRNA-Ser (UCN) 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mt-ts1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "serpini1",
        "symbol": "SERPINI1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8943",
        "name": "serpin family I member 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/serpini1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tgfb1",
        "symbol": "TGFB1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11766",
        "name": "transforming growth factor beta 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tgfb1"
      }
    ]
  }
}