{
  "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormal-carpal-morphology",
  "trait": {
    "bundleId": "2026.10.17-8666dff2",
    "release": "2026-09-01",
    "slug": "abnormal-carpal-morphology",
    "id": "HP:0001191",
    "name": "Abnormal wrist bones",
    "label": "Abnormal carpal morphology",
    "definition": "An abnormality affecting the carpal bones of the wrist (scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate).",
    "synonyms": [
      "Abnormal carpal bones",
      "Abnormality of the carpal bones",
      "Anomalous carpal bones",
      "Carpal bone anomalies"
    ],
    "systems": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-limbs",
        "name": "Abnormality of limbs",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-limbs"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-the-musculoskeletal-system",
        "name": "Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-the-musculoskeletal-system"
      }
    ],
    "broader": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormal-hand-morphology",
        "name": "Abnormal shape of hand",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormal-hand-morphology"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormal-wrist-morphology",
        "name": "Abnormal wrist morphology",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormal-wrist-morphology"
      }
    ],
    "narrower": [
      {
        "slug": "carpal-synostosis",
        "name": "Fused wrist bones",
        "genes": 18,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/carpal-synostosis"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormal-scaphoid-morphology",
        "name": "Abnormal scaphoid morphology",
        "genes": 3,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormal-scaphoid-morphology"
      },
      {
        "slug": "carpal-osteolysis",
        "name": "Carpal osteolysis",
        "genes": 3,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/carpal-osteolysis"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormal-trapezium-morphology",
        "name": "Abnormal trapezium morphology",
        "genes": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormal-trapezium-morphology"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormally-shaped-carpal-bones",
        "name": "Abnormally shaped wrist bones",
        "genes": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormally-shaped-carpal-bones"
      },
      {
        "slug": "accessory-carpal-bones",
        "name": "Extra wrist bones",
        "genes": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/accessory-carpal-bones"
      },
      {
        "slug": "aplasia-hypoplasia-involving-the-carpal-bones",
        "name": "Absent/small wrist bones",
        "genes": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/aplasia-hypoplasia-involving-the-carpal-bones"
      },
      {
        "slug": "crowded-carpal-bones",
        "name": "Crowded wrist bones",
        "genes": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/crowded-carpal-bones"
      },
      {
        "slug": "fractured-carpal-bone",
        "name": "Fractured carpal bone",
        "genes": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/fractured-carpal-bone"
      },
      {
        "slug": "malaligned-carpal-bone",
        "name": "Incorrect alignment of wrist bone",
        "genes": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/malaligned-carpal-bone"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormal-capitate-bone-morphology",
        "name": "Abnormal capitate bone morphology",
        "genes": 0,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormal-capitate-bone-morphology"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormal-hamate-bone-morphology",
        "name": "Abnormal hamate bone morphology",
        "genes": 0,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormal-hamate-bone-morphology"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-carpal-bone-ossification",
        "name": "Abnormal wrist bone maturation",
        "genes": 0,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-carpal-bone-ossification"
      }
    ],
    "genes": [
      {
        "slug": "nin",
        "symbol": "NIN",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:14906",
        "name": "ninein",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nin"
      },
      {
        "slug": "col2a1",
        "symbol": "COL2A1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2200",
        "name": "collagen type II alpha 1 chain",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/col2a1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "shox",
        "symbol": "SHOX",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10853",
        "name": "SHOX homeobox",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 3,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/shox"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tbx5",
        "symbol": "TBX5",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11604",
        "name": "T-box transcription factor 5",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tbx5"
      },
      {
        "slug": "recql4",
        "symbol": "RECQL4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9949",
        "name": "RecQ like helicase 4",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/recql4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ext1",
        "symbol": "EXT1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3512",
        "name": "exostosin glycosyltransferase 1",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ext1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ext2",
        "symbol": "EXT2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3513",
        "name": "exostosin glycosyltransferase 2",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ext2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "esco2",
        "symbol": "ESCO2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:27230",
        "name": "establishment of sister chromatid cohesion N-acetyltransferase 2",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/esco2"
      }
    ]
  }
}