{
  "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/carcinoma",
  "trait": {
    "bundleId": "2026.10.19-9814e911",
    "release": "2026-09-01",
    "slug": "carcinoma",
    "id": "HP:0030731",
    "name": "Carcinoma",
    "definition": "A malignant tumor arising from epithelial cells. Carcinomas that arise from glandular epithelium are called adenocarcinomas, those that arise from squamous epithelium are called squamous cell carcinomas, and those that arise from transitional epithelium are called transitional cell carcinomas (NCI Thesaurus).",
    "synonyms": [],
    "systems": [
      {
        "slug": "neoplasm",
        "name": "Abnormal tissue mass",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/neoplasm"
      }
    ],
    "broader": [
      {
        "slug": "epithelial-neoplasm",
        "name": "Epithelial neoplasm",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/epithelial-neoplasm"
      }
    ],
    "narrower": [],
    "genes": [
      {
        "slug": "apc",
        "symbol": "APC",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:583",
        "name": "APC regulator of Wnt signaling pathway",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/apc"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cdkn1b",
        "symbol": "CDKN1B",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1785",
        "name": "cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cdkn1b"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dkc1",
        "symbol": "DKC1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2890",
        "name": "dyskerin pseudouridine synthase 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dkc1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nlrp1",
        "symbol": "NLRP1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:14374",
        "name": "NLR family pyrin domain containing 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nlrp1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pole",
        "symbol": "POLE",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9177",
        "name": "DNA polymerase epsilon, catalytic subunit",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pole"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pten",
        "symbol": "PTEN",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9588",
        "name": "phosphatase and tensin homolog",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pten"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rspo1",
        "symbol": "RSPO1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:21679",
        "name": "R-spondin 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rspo1"
      }
    ]
  }
}