{
  "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/caesarean-section",
  "trait": {
    "bundleId": "2026.10.17-8666dff2",
    "release": "2026-09-01",
    "slug": "caesarean-section",
    "id": "HP:0011410",
    "name": "Caesarean section",
    "definition": "Delivery of a fetus through surgical incisions made through the abdominal wall (laparotomy) and the uterine wall (hysterotomy).",
    "synonyms": [],
    "systems": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-prenatal-development-or-birth",
        "name": "Abnormality of prenatal development or birth",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-prenatal-development-or-birth"
      }
    ],
    "broader": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormal-delivery",
        "name": "Abnormal delivery",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormal-delivery"
      }
    ],
    "narrower": [],
    "genes": [
      {
        "slug": "dhrs3",
        "symbol": "DHRS3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:17693",
        "name": "dehydrogenase/reductase 3",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dhrs3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "eefsec",
        "symbol": "EEFSEC",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:24614",
        "name": "eukaryotic elongation factor, selenocysteine-tRNA specific",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/eefsec"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mau2",
        "symbol": "MAU2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:29140",
        "name": "MAU2 sister chromatid cohesion factor",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mau2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "notch3",
        "symbol": "NOTCH3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7883",
        "name": "notch receptor 3",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/notch3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ptcd3",
        "symbol": "PTCD3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:24717",
        "name": "pentatricopeptide repeat domain 3",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ptcd3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ptpmt1",
        "symbol": "PTPMT1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:26965",
        "name": "protein tyrosine phosphatase mitochondrial 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ptpmt1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "spink5",
        "symbol": "SPINK5",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:15464",
        "name": "serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 5",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/spink5"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mcm4",
        "symbol": "MCM4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6947",
        "name": "minichromosome maintenance complex component 4",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mcm4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "agtpbp1",
        "symbol": "AGTPBP1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:17258",
        "name": "ATP/GTP binding carboxypeptidase 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/agtpbp1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ankrd11",
        "symbol": "ANKRD11",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:21316",
        "name": "ankyrin repeat domain 11",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ankrd11"
      },
      {
        "slug": "arsb",
        "symbol": "ARSB",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:714",
        "name": "arylsulfatase B",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/arsb"
      },
      {
        "slug": "asxl3",
        "symbol": "ASXL3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:29357",
        "name": "ASXL transcriptional regulator 3",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/asxl3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cacna1d",
        "symbol": "CACNA1D",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1391",
        "name": "calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 D",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cacna1d"
      },
      {
        "slug": "chd8",
        "symbol": "CHD8",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:20153",
        "name": "chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 8",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/chd8"
      },
      {
        "slug": "coq4",
        "symbol": "COQ4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:19693",
        "name": "coenzyme Q4",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/coq4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "kcnk3",
        "symbol": "KCNK3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6278",
        "name": "potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 3",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/kcnk3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mtm1",
        "symbol": "MTM1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7448",
        "name": "myotubularin 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mtm1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "opa1",
        "symbol": "OPA1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8140",
        "name": "OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/opa1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "polr3a",
        "symbol": "POLR3A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:30074",
        "name": "RNA polymerase III subunit A",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/polr3a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "por",
        "symbol": "POR",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9208",
        "name": "cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/por"
      },
      {
        "slug": "taf1",
        "symbol": "TAF1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11535",
        "name": "TATA-box binding protein associated factor 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/taf1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "wdr83os",
        "symbol": "WDR83OS",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:30203",
        "name": "WD repeat domain 83 opposite strand",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/wdr83os"
      },
      {
        "slug": "zfx",
        "symbol": "ZFX",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:12869",
        "name": "zinc finger protein X-linked",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/zfx"
      },
      {
        "slug": "lgi1",
        "symbol": "LGI1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6572",
        "name": "leucine rich glioma inactivated 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/lgi1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pgbd5",
        "symbol": "PGBD5",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:19405",
        "name": "piggyBac transposable element derived 5",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pgbd5"
      },
      {
        "slug": "satb1",
        "symbol": "SATB1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10541",
        "name": "SATB homeobox 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/satb1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "taok1",
        "symbol": "TAOK1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:29259",
        "name": "TAO kinase 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/taok1"
      }
    ]
  }
}