{
  "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/large-fontanelles",
  "trait": {
    "bundleId": "2026.10.17-8666dff2",
    "release": "2026-09-01",
    "slug": "large-fontanelles",
    "id": "HP:0000239",
    "name": "Wide fontanelles",
    "label": "Large fontanelles",
    "definition": "In newborns, the two frontal bones, two parietal bones, and one occipital bone are joined by fibrous sutures, which form a small posterior fontanelle, and a larger, diamond-shaped anterior fontanelle. These regions allow for the skull to pass the birth canal and for later growth. The fontanelles gradually ossify, whereby the posterior fontanelle usually closes by eight weeks and the anterior fontanelle by the 9th to 16th month of age. Large fontanelles are diagnosed if the fontanelles are larger than age-dependent norms.",
    "synonyms": [
      "Enlarged fontanelles",
      "Large fontanel",
      "Large fontanelle",
      "Large fontanels",
      "Persistent wide fontanel"
    ],
    "systems": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-head-or-neck",
        "name": "Abnormality of head or neck",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-head-or-neck"
      },
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-the-musculoskeletal-system",
        "name": "Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-the-musculoskeletal-system"
      }
    ],
    "broader": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormal-fontanelle-morphology",
        "name": "Abnormal fontanelle morphology",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormal-fontanelle-morphology"
      }
    ],
    "narrower": [
      {
        "slug": "wide-anterior-fontanel",
        "name": "Wider-than-typical soft spot of skull",
        "genes": 101,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/wide-anterior-fontanel"
      },
      {
        "slug": "large-posterior-fontanelle",
        "name": "Large posterior fontanelle",
        "genes": 19,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/large-posterior-fontanelle"
      },
      {
        "slug": "widely-patent-fontanelles-and-sutures",
        "name": "Widely patent fontanelles and sutures",
        "genes": 17,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/widely-patent-fontanelles-and-sutures"
      }
    ],
    "genes": [
      {
        "slug": "alg1",
        "symbol": "ALG1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:18294",
        "name": "ALG1 chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol beta-mannosyltransferase",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/alg1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "chst14",
        "symbol": "CHST14",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:24464",
        "name": "carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/chst14"
      },
      {
        "slug": "fgfr2",
        "symbol": "FGFR2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3689",
        "name": "fibroblast growth factor receptor 2",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/fgfr2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gja1",
        "symbol": "GJA1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4274",
        "name": "gap junction protein alpha 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gja1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "inppl1",
        "symbol": "INPPL1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6080",
        "name": "inositol polyphosphate phosphatase like 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/inppl1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pex14",
        "symbol": "PEX14",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8856",
        "name": "peroxisomal biogenesis factor 14",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pex14"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pycr1",
        "symbol": "PYCR1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9721",
        "name": "pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pycr1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rnu12",
        "symbol": "RNU12",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:19380",
        "name": "RNA, U12 small nuclear",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rnu12"
      },
      {
        "slug": "atp7a",
        "symbol": "ATP7A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:869",
        "name": "ATPase copper transporting alpha",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/atp7a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dse",
        "symbol": "DSE",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:21144",
        "name": "dermatan sulfate epimerase",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dse"
      },
      {
        "slug": "fam20c",
        "symbol": "FAM20C",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:22140",
        "name": "FAM20C golgi associated secretory pathway kinase",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/fam20c"
      },
      {
        "slug": "fig4",
        "symbol": "FIG4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:16873",
        "name": "FIG4 phosphoinositide 5-phosphatase",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/fig4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "flna",
        "symbol": "FLNA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3754",
        "name": "filamin A",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/flna"
      },
      {
        "slug": "foxe1",
        "symbol": "FOXE1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3806",
        "name": "forkhead box E1",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/foxe1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "hpgd",
        "symbol": "HPGD",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:5154",
        "name": "15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/hpgd"
      },
      {
        "slug": "lmna",
        "symbol": "LMNA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6636",
        "name": "lamin A/C",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/lmna"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mvk",
        "symbol": "MVK",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7530",
        "name": "mevalonate kinase",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mvk"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nkx2-1",
        "symbol": "NKX2-1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11825",
        "name": "NK2 homeobox 1",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nkx2-1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nkx2-5",
        "symbol": "NKX2-5",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2488",
        "name": "NK2 homeobox 5",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 3,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nkx2-5"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pax8",
        "symbol": "PAX8",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8622",
        "name": "paired box 8",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 3,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pax8"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ptdss1",
        "symbol": "PTDSS1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9587",
        "name": "phosphatidylserine synthase 1",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ptdss1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "recql4",
        "symbol": "RECQL4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9949",
        "name": "RecQ like helicase 4",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/recql4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "runx2",
        "symbol": "RUNX2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10472",
        "name": "RUNX family transcription factor 2",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/runx2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "sec23a",
        "symbol": "SEC23A",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:10701",
        "name": "SEC23 homolog A, COPII component",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/sec23a"
      },
      {
        "slug": "slc26a4",
        "symbol": "SLC26A4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8818",
        "name": "solute carrier family 26 member 4",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/slc26a4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tshr",
        "symbol": "TSHR",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:12373",
        "name": "thyroid stimulating hormone receptor",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tshr"
      },
      {
        "slug": "zmpste24",
        "symbol": "ZMPSTE24",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:12877",
        "name": "zinc metallopeptidase STE24",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/zmpste24"
      },
      {
        "slug": "zswim6",
        "symbol": "ZSWIM6",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:29316",
        "name": "zinc finger SWIM-type containing 6",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/zswim6"
      },
      {
        "slug": "actb",
        "symbol": "ACTB",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:132",
        "name": "actin beta",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/actb"
      },
      {
        "slug": "actg1",
        "symbol": "ACTG1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:144",
        "name": "actin gamma 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/actg1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "adamts2",
        "symbol": "ADAMTS2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:218",
        "name": "ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/adamts2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "adamtsl2",
        "symbol": "ADAMTSL2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:14631",
        "name": "ADAMTS like 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/adamtsl2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "alg8",
        "symbol": "ALG8",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:23161",
        "name": "ALG8 alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/alg8"
      },
      {
        "slug": "amer1",
        "symbol": "AMER1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:26837",
        "name": "APC membrane recruitment protein 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/amer1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cav1",
        "symbol": "CAV1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1527",
        "name": "caveolin 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cav1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "col1a1",
        "symbol": "COL1A1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2197",
        "name": "collagen type I alpha 1 chain",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/col1a1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "col1a2",
        "symbol": "COL1A2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2198",
        "name": "collagen type I alpha 2 chain",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/col1a2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ctnnb1",
        "symbol": "CTNNB1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2514",
        "name": "catenin beta 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ctnnb1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dchs1",
        "symbol": "DCHS1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:13681",
        "name": "dachsous cadherin-related 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dchs1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "fat4",
        "symbol": "FAT4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:23109",
        "name": "FAT atypical cadherin 4",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/fat4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ltbp4",
        "symbol": "LTBP4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6717",
        "name": "latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 4",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ltbp4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "maf",
        "symbol": "MAF",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6776",
        "name": "MAF bZIP transcription factor",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/maf"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nsd1",
        "symbol": "NSD1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:14234",
        "name": "nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nsd1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "piga",
        "symbol": "PIGA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8957",
        "name": "phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class A",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/piga"
      },
      {
        "slug": "shpk",
        "symbol": "SHPK",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1492",
        "name": "sedoheptulokinase",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/shpk"
      },
      {
        "slug": "acta1",
        "symbol": "ACTA1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:129",
        "name": "actin alpha 1, skeletal muscle",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/acta1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "asxl3",
        "symbol": "ASXL3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:29357",
        "name": "ASXL transcriptional regulator 3",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/asxl3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "clcn3",
        "symbol": "CLCN3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2021",
        "name": "Cl-/H+ antiporter 3",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/clcn3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "hnf1b",
        "symbol": "HNF1B",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11630",
        "name": "HNF1 homeobox B",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/hnf1b"
      },
      {
        "slug": "hoxd13",
        "symbol": "HOXD13",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:5136",
        "name": "homeobox D13",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/hoxd13"
      },
      {
        "slug": "klhl40",
        "symbol": "KLHL40",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:30372",
        "name": "kelch like family member 40",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/klhl40"
      },
      {
        "slug": "klhl41",
        "symbol": "KLHL41",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:16905",
        "name": "kelch like family member 41",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/klhl41"
      },
      {
        "slug": "lhx1",
        "symbol": "LHX1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6593",
        "name": "LIM homeobox 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/lhx1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "lmod3",
        "symbol": "LMOD3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6649",
        "name": "leiomodin 3",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/lmod3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mid1",
        "symbol": "MID1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7095",
        "name": "midline 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mid1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "neb",
        "symbol": "NEB",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7720",
        "name": "nebulin",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/neb"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nphp3",
        "symbol": "NPHP3",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7907",
        "name": "nephrocystin 3",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nphp3"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rbm10",
        "symbol": "RBM10",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9896",
        "name": "RNA binding motif protein 10",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rbm10"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rbmx",
        "symbol": "RBMX",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9910",
        "name": "RNA binding motif protein X-linked",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rbmx"
      },
      {
        "slug": "usp7",
        "symbol": "USP7",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:12630",
        "name": "ubiquitin specific peptidase 7",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/usp7"
      },
      {
        "slug": "sptbn1",
        "symbol": "SPTBN1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11275",
        "name": "spectrin beta, non-erythrocytic 1",
        "frequency": "very-rare",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/sptbn1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "aldh18a1",
        "symbol": "ALDH18A1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9722",
        "name": "aldehyde dehydrogenase 18 family member A1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/aldh18a1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "bmper",
        "symbol": "BMPER",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:24154",
        "name": "BMP binding endothelial regulator",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/bmper"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cdkn1c",
        "symbol": "CDKN1C",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1786",
        "name": "cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1C",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cdkn1c"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gnpat",
        "symbol": "GNPAT",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4416",
        "name": "glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gnpat"
      },
      {
        "slug": "hsd17b4",
        "symbol": "HSD17B4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:5213",
        "name": "hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 4",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/hsd17b4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "igf2",
        "symbol": "IGF2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:5466",
        "name": "insulin like growth factor 2",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/igf2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "kcnq1",
        "symbol": "KCNQ1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6294",
        "name": "potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/kcnq1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "kcnq1ot1",
        "symbol": "KCNQ1OT1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6295",
        "name": "KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/kcnq1ot1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pam16",
        "symbol": "PAM16",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:29679",
        "name": "presequence translocase associated motor 16",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pam16"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pex13",
        "symbol": "PEX13",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8855",
        "name": "peroxisomal biogenesis factor 13",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pex13"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pex2",
        "symbol": "PEX2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9717",
        "name": "peroxisomal biogenesis factor 2",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pex2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pex5",
        "symbol": "PEX5",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9719",
        "name": "peroxisomal biogenesis factor 5",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pex5"
      }
    ]
  }
}