{
  "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/scaling-skin",
  "trait": {
    "bundleId": "2026.10.19-9814e911",
    "release": "2026-09-01",
    "slug": "scaling-skin",
    "id": "HP:0040189",
    "name": "Scaling skin",
    "definition": "Refers to the loss of the outer layer of the epidermis in large, scale-like flakes.",
    "synonyms": [
      "flaking skin",
      "peeling skin",
      "Scaly skin",
      "Desquamation"
    ],
    "systems": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormality-of-the-integument",
        "name": "Abnormality of the integument",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormality-of-the-integument"
      }
    ],
    "broader": [
      {
        "slug": "abnormal-epidermal-morphology",
        "name": "Abnormal epidermal morphology",
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/abnormal-epidermal-morphology"
      }
    ],
    "narrower": [
      {
        "slug": "eyebrow-scaling-skin",
        "name": "Eyebrow scaling skin",
        "genes": 11,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/eyebrow-scaling-skin"
      },
      {
        "slug": "generalized-scaling",
        "name": "Generalized scaling",
        "genes": 11,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/generalized-scaling"
      },
      {
        "slug": "psoriasiform-lesion",
        "name": "Psoriasiform lesion",
        "genes": 5,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/psoriasiform-lesion"
      },
      {
        "slug": "palmoplantar-scaling-skin",
        "name": "Palmoplantar scaling skin",
        "genes": 4,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/palmoplantar-scaling-skin"
      },
      {
        "slug": "white-scaling-skin",
        "name": "White scaling skin",
        "genes": 3,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/white-scaling-skin"
      },
      {
        "slug": "scaling-skin-on-fingertip",
        "name": "Scaling skin on fingertip",
        "genes": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/traits/scaling-skin-on-fingertip"
      }
    ],
    "genes": [
      {
        "slug": "cast",
        "symbol": "CAST",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1515",
        "name": "calpastatin",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cast"
      },
      {
        "slug": "cdsn",
        "symbol": "CDSN",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:1802",
        "name": "corneodesmosin",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/cdsn"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dclre1c",
        "symbol": "DCLRE1C",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:17642",
        "name": "DNA cross-link repair 1C",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dclre1c"
      },
      {
        "slug": "donson",
        "symbol": "DONSON",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2993",
        "name": "DNA replication fork stabilization factor DONSON",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/donson"
      },
      {
        "slug": "elovl4",
        "symbol": "ELOVL4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:14415",
        "name": "ELOVL fatty acid elongase 4",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/elovl4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "flg2",
        "symbol": "FLG2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:33276",
        "name": "filaggrin 2",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/flg2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "il2ra",
        "symbol": "IL2RA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6008",
        "name": "interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/il2ra"
      },
      {
        "slug": "krt1",
        "symbol": "KRT1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6412",
        "name": "keratin 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 3,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/krt1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "krt10",
        "symbol": "KRT10",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6413",
        "name": "keratin 10",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/krt10"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mpv17",
        "symbol": "MPV17",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7224",
        "name": "mitochondrial inner membrane protein MPV17",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mpv17"
      },
      {
        "slug": "pkp1",
        "symbol": "PKP1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9023",
        "name": "plakophilin 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/pkp1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ppp2r3c",
        "symbol": "PPP2R3C",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:17485",
        "name": "protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B''gamma",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ppp2r3c"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rag1",
        "symbol": "RAG1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9831",
        "name": "recombination activating 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rag1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rag2",
        "symbol": "RAG2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9832",
        "name": "recombination activating 2",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rag2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "serpinb8",
        "symbol": "SERPINB8",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8952",
        "name": "serpin family B member 8",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/serpinb8"
      },
      {
        "slug": "spink5",
        "symbol": "SPINK5",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:15464",
        "name": "serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 5",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/spink5"
      },
      {
        "slug": "sult2b1",
        "symbol": "SULT2B1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11459",
        "name": "sulfotransferase family 2B member 1",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/sult2b1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tgm5",
        "symbol": "TGM5",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11781",
        "name": "transglutaminase 5",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tgm5"
      },
      {
        "slug": "zmpste24",
        "symbol": "ZMPSTE24",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:12877",
        "name": "zinc metallopeptidase STE24",
        "frequency": "obligate",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/zmpste24"
      },
      {
        "slug": "lmna",
        "symbol": "LMNA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6636",
        "name": "lamin A/C",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/lmna"
      },
      {
        "slug": "tgm1",
        "symbol": "TGM1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:11777",
        "name": "transglutaminase 1",
        "frequency": "very-frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/tgm1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "adam17",
        "symbol": "ADAM17",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:195",
        "name": "ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/adam17"
      },
      {
        "slug": "carmil2",
        "symbol": "CARMIL2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:27089",
        "name": "capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/carmil2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "csta",
        "symbol": "CSTA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:2481",
        "name": "cystatin A",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/csta"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ebp",
        "symbol": "EBP",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:3133",
        "name": "EBP cholestenol delta-isomerase",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ebp"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gjb2",
        "symbol": "GJB2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4284",
        "name": "gap junction protein beta 2",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gjb2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gjb6",
        "symbol": "GJB6",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4288",
        "name": "gap junction protein beta 6",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gjb6"
      },
      {
        "slug": "ldha",
        "symbol": "LDHA",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6535",
        "name": "lactate dehydrogenase A",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/ldha"
      },
      {
        "slug": "recql",
        "symbol": "RECQL",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9948",
        "name": "RecQ like helicase",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/recql"
      },
      {
        "slug": "sash1",
        "symbol": "SASH1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:19182",
        "name": "SAM and SH3 domain containing 1",
        "frequency": "frequent",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/sash1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "dcaf17",
        "symbol": "DCAF17",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:25784",
        "name": "DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 17",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/dcaf17"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gja1",
        "symbol": "GJA1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4274",
        "name": "gap junction protein alpha 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gja1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "gnb2",
        "symbol": "GNB2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:4398",
        "name": "G protein subunit beta 2",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/gnb2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "kif11",
        "symbol": "KIF11",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6388",
        "name": "kinesin family member 11",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/kif11"
      },
      {
        "slug": "kit",
        "symbol": "KIT",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6342",
        "name": "KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/kit"
      },
      {
        "slug": "krt74",
        "symbol": "KRT74",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:28929",
        "name": "keratin 74",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/krt74"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mpdu1",
        "symbol": "MPDU1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:7207",
        "name": "mannose-P-dolichol utilization defect 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 2,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mpdu1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rasa1",
        "symbol": "RASA1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:9871",
        "name": "RAS p21 protein activator 1",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rasa1"
      },
      {
        "slug": "rnf168",
        "symbol": "RNF168",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:26661",
        "name": "ring finger protein 168",
        "frequency": "occasional",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/rnf168"
      },
      {
        "slug": "card14",
        "symbol": "CARD14",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:16446",
        "name": "caspase recruitment domain family member 14",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/card14"
      },
      {
        "slug": "klk11",
        "symbol": "KLK11",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:6359",
        "name": "kallikrein related peptidase 11",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/klk11"
      },
      {
        "slug": "mbtps2",
        "symbol": "MBTPS2",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:15455",
        "name": "membrane bound transcription factor peptidase, site 2",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/mbtps2"
      },
      {
        "slug": "nipal4",
        "symbol": "NIPAL4",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:28018",
        "name": "NIPA like domain containing 4",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/nipal4"
      },
      {
        "slug": "osmr",
        "symbol": "OSMR",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:8507",
        "name": "oncostatin M receptor",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/osmr"
      },
      {
        "slug": "samhd1",
        "symbol": "SAMHD1",
        "hgnc": "HGNC:15925",
        "name": "SAM and HD domain containing deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase 1",
        "diseases": 1,
        "url": "https://dantelabs.com/genes/samhd1"
      }
    ]
  }
}